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Chemical Group: Diesel Exhaust

  • Measured in: Urine

Project: California Regional Exposure Study, Los Angeles County (CARE-LA)

CARE LA Study logo, showing California in blue with Los Angeles County in orange
  • Study Group Subset: Adults

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
6-OHNP 1-Nitropyrene pg/L^ 109 110 89 130 60 120 200 660 90.8% 9.4 pg/L
8-OHNP 1-Nitropyrene pg/L^ 149 88 76 100 51 91 160 400 87.2% 11.4 pg/L

Project: California Regional Exposure Study, Region 2 (CARE-2)

Logo for the CARE-2 study showing a blue map of California with the eastern part of California in orange
  • Study Group Subset: Adults

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
6-OHNP 1-Nitropyrene pg/L^ 142 150 120 180 83 150 300 960 88.7% 13 pg/L
8-OHNP 1-Nitropyrene pg/L^ 155 89 76 100 49 78 160 410 76.1% 22 pg/L

Project: East Bay Diesel Exposure Project (EBDEP)

Photo of heavy traffic on the Bay bridge, with San Francisco skyline in the distance
  • Study Group Subset: Children

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
6-OHNP 1-Nitropyrene pg/L^ 40 150 110 200 63 170 330 1100 94.2% 15.5 pg/L §
8-OHNP 1-Nitropyrene pg/L^ 40 130 100 170 61 130 260 740 95.2% 21.2 pg/L ♢
  • Study Group Subset: Adults

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
6-OHNP 1-Nitropyrene pg/L^ 38 240 180 310 130 240 540 1500 97.8% 15.5 pg/L † Δ
8-OHNP 1-Nitropyrene pg/L^ 40 150 120 190 82 160 290 730 94.7% 21.2 pg/L ‡

Chemical Group: Environmental Phenols

  • Measured in: Urine

Project: Biomonitoring Exposures Study (BEST) - 1.Pilot

Diverse group of smiling adults

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Benzophenone-3 Benzophenone-3 µg/L 109 24.4 16.0 37.2 5.70 22.8 86.7 797 94.5% 0.500 µg/L
BPA Bisphenol A µg/L 109 1.40 1.08 1.80 0.660 1.31 2.82 13.3 89.9% 0.200 µg/L
Butyl paraben Butyl Paraben µg/L 109 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 13.5 21.1% 0.500 µg/L
Ethyl paraben Ethyl Paraben µg/L 109 * * * <LOD <LOD 6.83 127 44.0% 0.500 µg/L
Methyl paraben Methyl Paraben µg/L 105 78.4 56.2 109 21.7 76.4 282 1,060 99.0% 0.500 µg/L
Propyl paraben Propyl Paraben µg/L 109 7.66 4.89 12.0 0.555 8.38 49.1 367 75.2% 0.500 µg/L
Triclosan Triclosan µg/L 109 11.7 7.77 17.5 2.54 9.29 44.3 702 96.3% 0.200 µg/L

Project: Biomonitoring Exposures Study (BEST) - 2.Expanded

Diverse group of smiling adults

Weighted Results

10000
Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Benzophenone-3 Benzophenone-3 µg/L 218 76.7 43.4 135 10.9 76.2 431 6720 95.8% 1.00 µg/L ●
Benzophenone-3 Benzophenone-3 µg/g creatinine 218 83.8 49.1 143 11.8 70.8 408 3520 95.8% 1.00 µg/L ●
BPA Bisphenol A µg/L 218 1.33 1.05 1.69 0.648 1.52 3.56 5.66 97.4% 0.100 µg/L ●
BPA Bisphenol A µg/g creatinine 218 1.46 1.20 1.77 0.786 1.53 2.39 5.58 97.4% 0.100 µg/L ●
Butyl paraben Butyl paraben µg/L 218 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.456 20.5 33.4% 0.200 µg/L ●
Butyl paraben Butyl paraben µg/g creatinine 218 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.834 21.2 33.4% 0.200 µg/L ●
Ethyl paraben Ethyl paraben µg/L 218 * * * <LOD <LOD 10.0 168 47.8% 1.00 µg/L ●
Ethyl paraben Ethyl paraben µg/g creatinine 218 * * * <LOD <LOD 11.7 161 47.8% 1.00 µg/L ●
Methyl paraben Methyl paraben µg/L 218 62.9 41.3 95.9 21.1 75.4 241 906 94.3% 1.00 µg/L ●
Methyl paraben Methyl paraben µg/g creatinine 218 68.8 47.6 99.6 23.5 83.8 237 924 94.3% 1.00 µg/L ●
Propyl paraben Propyl paraben µg/L 218 9.58 5.98 15.4 <LOD 9.05 55.5 325 71.5% 1.00 µg/L ●
Propyl paraben Propyl paraben µg/g creatinine 218 10.48 6.68 16.4 <LOD 9.51 70.2 287 71.5% 1.00 µg/L ●
Triclosan Triclosan µg/L 218 11.9 7.34 19.4 2.25 9.09 60.4 801 98.5% 0.100 µg/L ●
Triclosan Triclosan µg/g creatinine 218 13.1 8.00 21.3 2.31 11.3 54.2 812 98.5% 0.100 µg/L ●

Project: California Regional Exposure Study, Los Angeles County (CARE-LA)

CARE LA Study logo, showing California in blue with Los Angeles County in orange
  • Study Group Subset: Women

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
Benzophenone-3 Benzophenone-3 µg/L 60 31.6 18.4 54.2 7.52 22.3 152 513 95.0% 1.00
BPA Bisphenol A µg/L 60 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.756 1.96 46.7% 0.100
BPF Bisphenol F µg/L 60 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.862 23.3% 0.200
BPS Bisphenol S µg/L 60 0.382 0.269 0.544 0.106 0.342 1.33 2.42 76.7% 0.100
Butyl paraben Butyl paraben µg/L 60 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.885 16.7% 0.100
Ethyl paraben Ethyl paraben µg/L 60 * * * <LOD <LOD 3.51 71.4 35.0% 0.500
Methyl paraben Methyl paraben µg/L 60 15.7 9.39 26.2 4.23 12.7 60.1 291 95.0% 0.500
Propyl paraben Propyl paraben µg/L 60 2.10 1.11 3.97 <LOD 2.57 9.28 81.3 66.7% 0.200
Triclocarban Triclocarban µg/L 60 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.211 16.7% 0.100
Triclosan Triclosan µg/L 60 1.67 0.887 3.15 0.237 0.908 8.27 103 81.7% 0.200

Project: California Regional Exposure Study, Region 2 (CARE-2)

Logo for the CARE-2 study showing a blue map of California with the eastern part of California in orange
  • Study Group Subset: Adults

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Benzophenone-3 Benzophenone-3 µg/L 151 18.5 13.7 25.1 5.59 18.0 50.0 493 96.0% 1.00
BPA Bisphenol A µg/L 151 0.503 0.419 0.603 <LOD 0.466 1.12 3.19 69.5% 0.200
BPS Bisphenol S µg/L 151 * * * <LOD 0.233 0.593 2.25 64.9% 0.100
Ethyl paraben Ethyl paraben µg/L 151 * * * <LOD <LOD 2.02 69.7 35.8% 0.500
Methyl paraben Methyl paraben µg/L 151 15.3 10.9 21.5 3.11 12.6 79.4 535 94.0% 0.500
Propyl paraben Propyl paraben µg/L 151 * * * <LOD 1.54 14.8 223 60.3% 0.200
Triclocarban Triclocarban µg/L 151 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.307 11.3% 0.100
Triclosan Triclosan µg/L 151 * * * <LOD <LOD 3.02 389 45.0% 1.00

Project: California Regional Exposure Study, Region 3 (CARE-3)

Logo for the CARE-3 study showing a blue map of California with Orange and San Diego counties in orange
  • Study Group Subset: Adults

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
Benzophenone-3 Benzophenone-3 µg/L 14.4 9.16 22.6 3.70 13.1 47.4 190 90.0% 0.500 µg/L ⌂
BPA Bisphenol A µg/L 0.287 0.233 0.352 0.124 0.281 0.598 0.895 82.2% 0.100 µg/L ⌂
BPF Bisphenol F µg/L * * * <LOD <LOD 0.573 2.03 41.1% 0.200 µg/L ⌂
BPS Bisphenol S µg/L * * * <LOD 0.288 0.875 2.85 64.4% 0.100 µg/L ⌂
Butyl paraben Butyl paraben µg/L * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.114 11.1% 0.100 µg/L ⌂
Ethyl paraben Ethyl paraben µg/L * * * <LOD <LOD 0.212 8.92 25.6% 0.200 µg/L ⌂
Methyl paraben Methyl paraben µg/L 8.33 5.15 13.5 1.01 9.57 57.1 152 80.0% 0.500 µg/L ⌂
Propyl paraben Propyl paraben µg/L * * * <LOD <LOD 13.5 42.5 50.0% 0.200 µg/L ⌂
Triclocarban Triclocarban µg/L * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 5.6% 0.100 µg/L ⌂
Triclosan Triclosan µg/L * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.82 18.9% 1.00 µg/L ⌂

Project: Firefighter Occupational Exposures (FOX) Project

Firefighters fighting flames, wearing full protective suits and holding large hoses spraying water
  • Study Group Subset: Firefighters

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Benzophenone-3 Benzophenone-3 µg/L 101 78.5 58.3 106 27.0 79.3 186 867 100% 1.00
BPA Bisphenol A µg/L 101 1.58 1.25 1.99 0.718 1.53 3.16 11.9 94.1% 0.20
Butyl paraben Butyl paraben µg/L 101 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.68 5.9 44.6% 0.50
Ethyl paraben Ethyl paraben µg/L 101 * * * <LOD <LOD 2.52 56.5 35.6% 1.0
Methyl paraben Methyl paraben μg/L 101 46.9 34.2 64.3 19.6 48.0 108 687 98.0% 1.0
Propyl paraben Propyl paraben μg/L 101 * * * <LOD 2.96 19.0 135 61.4% 1.0
Triclosan Triclosan μg/L 101 20.2 13.5 30.2 3.00 19.6 103 563 99.0% 0.50

Project: Maternal and Infant Environmental Exposure Project (MIEEP)

Pregnant woman seated in front of a laptop computer
  • Study Group Subset: Pregnant women

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
Benzophenone-3 Benzophenone-3 μg/L 89 33.0 20.5 53.2 8.41 26.6 124 1320 0.50
BPA Bisphenol A μg/L 89 1.25 0.984 1.58 0.490 1.27 3.13 4.85 0.20
Triclosan Triclosan μg/L 89 17.2 10.5 28.2 2.44 11.1 139 445 1.0

Chemical Group: Herbicides

  • Measured in: Urine

Project: Biomonitoring Exposures Study (BEST) - 1.Pilot

Diverse group of smiling adults

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
2,4-D 2_4-D µg/L 109 0.304 0.245 0.376 0.163 0.340 0.617 1.92 90.8% 0.0500 µg/L

Project: Biomonitoring Exposures Study (BEST) - 2.Expanded

Diverse group of smiling adults

Weighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
2,4-D 2,4-D µg/L 218 0.173 0.137 0.217 0.0807 0.159 0.302 1.29 81.9% 0.0500 µg/L ●
2,4-D 2,4-D µg/g creatinine 218 0.189 0.153 0.233 0.113 0.185 0.323 1.61 81.9% 0.0500 µg/L ●

Project: Firefighter Occupational Exposures (FOX) Project

Firefighters fighting flames, wearing full protective suits and holding large hoses spraying water
  • Study Group Subset: Firefighters

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
2,4-D 2,4-D μg/L 101 0.27 0.21 0.34 0.13 0.28 0.51 1.46 90.1% 0.050
2,4,5-T 2,4,5-T μg/L 101 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.050

Chemical Group: Metals

  • Measured in: Blood

Project: Asian/Pacific Islander Community Exposures (ACE) Project - ACE 1

A mulit-generational family of Asian-Americans sharing a meal

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
Cadmium Cadmium µg/L 96 0.524 0.462 0.595 0.344 0.520 0.801 1.15 99% 0.150
Lead Lead µg/dL 96 1.23 1.11 1.37 0.843 1.23 1.90 2.37 100% 0.0500
Mercury Mercury µg/L 96 3.58 3.01 4.26 2.47 4.12 7.13 9.24 100% 0.150

Project: Asian/Pacific Islander Community Exposures (ACE) Project - ACE 2

A mulit-generational family of Asian-Americans sharing a meal

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
Cadmium Cadmium µg/L 99 0.592 0.526 0.666 0.374 0.609 0.892 1.29 100% 0.0750
Lead Lead µg/dL 99 1.12 1.02 1.22 0.858 1.06 1.41 2.07 100% 0.0250
Mercury Mercury µg/L 99 4.77 4.13 5.51 3.22 5.18 8.04 9.99 100% 0.0750

Project: Biomonitoring Exposures Study (BEST) - 1.Pilot

Diverse group of smiling adults

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Cadmium Cadmium µg/L 110 0.271 0.237 0.311 0.170 0.275 0.390 0.990 100% 0.06 µg/L
Lead Lead µg/dL 110 1.05 0.931 1.18 0.700 1.05 1.47 2.45 100% 0.02 µg/dL
Manganese Manganese µg/L 110 8.09 7.62 8.58 6.50 8.40 9.80 13.4 100% 0.45 µg/L
Mercury Mercury µg/L 110 0.748 0.602 0.929 0.370 0.745 1.79 4.26 99.1% 0.04 µg/L

Project: Biomonitoring Exposures Study (BEST) - 2.Expanded

Diverse group of smiling adults

Weighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Cadmium Cadmium µg/L 315 0.247 0.220 0.277 0.161 0.227 0.380 0.939 100% 0.0111 µg/L □
Lead Lead µg/dL 315 0.749 0.664 0.846 0.416 0.703 1.31 2.43 100% 0.0109 µg/dL □
Manganese Manganese µg/L 315 9.17 8.76 9.60 7.63 9.08 10.8 15.7 100% 1.00 µg/L □
Mercury Mercury µg/L 315 0.677 0.573 0.799 0.339 0.693 1.26 3.52 99.9% 0.0294 µg/L □

Project: California Regional Exposure Study, Los Angeles County (CARE-LA)

CARE LA Study logo, showing California in blue with Los Angeles County in orange

Weighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Cadmium Cadmium µg/L 425 0.258 0.232 0.286 0.173 0.248 0.357 0.785 99.6% 0.0750 µg/L ▶
Lead Lead µg/dL 425 0.768 0.683 0.862 0.480 0.730 1.26 2.32 100% 0.0250 µg/dL ▶
Manganese Manganese µg/L 425 10.6 10.1 11.2 8.38 10.4 12.6 20.3 100% 0.750 µg/L ▶
Mercury Mercury µg/L 425 0.975 0.794 1.20 0.387 1.04 2.56 6.02 92.9% 0.125 µg/L ▶

Project: California Regional Exposure Study, Region 2 (CARE-2)

Logo for the CARE-2 study showing a blue map of California with the eastern part of California in orange

Weighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Cadmium Cadmium µg/L 359 0.275 0.246 0.307 0.161 0.266 0.478 0.793 99.1% 0.0750 µg/L ◁
Lead Lead µg/dL 359 0.661 0.591 0.739 0.417 0.712 1.08 1.80 100% 0.0250 µg/dL ◁
Manganese Manganese µg/L 359 10.1 9.71 10.6 8.03 9.96 12.3 15.9 100% 0.250 µg/L ◁
Mercury Mercury µg/L 359 0.719 0.581 0.889 0.279 0.778 1.51 6.12 94.8% 0.0750 µg/L ◁

Project: California Regional Exposure Study, Region 3 (CARE-3)

Logo for the CARE-3 study showing a blue map of California with Orange and San Diego counties in orange
  • Study Group Subset: Adults

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
Cadmium Cadmium µg/L 0.279 0.235 0.332 0.156 0.289 0.48 0.629 95.5% 0.0750 µg/L ⌂
Lead Lead µg/dL 0.690 0.606 0.785 0.474 0.706 0.900 1.42 100% 0.0250 µg/dL ⌂
Manganese Manganese µg/L 9.13 8.46 9.87 7.12 9.54 11.9 14.1 100% 0.250 µg/L ⌂
Mercury Mercury µg/L 1.03 0.809 1.30 0.500 1.16 2.34 4.04 98.7% 0.0750 µg/L ⌂

Project: Firefighter Occupational Exposures (FOX) Project

Firefighters fighting flames, wearing full protective suits and holding large hoses spraying water
  • Study Group Subset: Firefighters

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of detection (LOD)
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Cadmium Cadmium μg/L 101 0.19 0.18 0.21 0.15 0.20 0.24 0.35 78.2% 0.15
Lead Lead μg/dL 101 0.957 0.872 1.05 0.690 0.950 1.22 2.01 100% 0.02
Manganese Manganese μg/L 101 7.61 7.26 7.98 6.50 7.70 8.79 11.4 100% 0.54
Mercury Mercury μg/L 101 2.79 2.36 3.30 1.82 2.90 5.48 9.79 100% 0.06

Project: Maternal and Infant Environmental Exposure Project (MIEEP)

Pregnant woman seated in front of a laptop computer
  • Study Group Subset: Pregnant women

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
Cadmium Cadmium μg/L 77 0.22 0.19 0.24 0.16 0.22 0.31 0.38 0.14 and 0.15**
Lead Lead μg/dL 77 0.65 0.57 0.75 0.45 0.60 0.84 1.6 0.027
Mercury Mercury μg/L 77 0.45 0.37 0.54 0.26 0.46 0.76 1.1 0.064

Chemical Group: Metals

  • Measured in: Urine

Project: Asian/Pacific Islander Community Exposures (ACE) Project - ACE 1

A mulit-generational family of Asian-Americans sharing a meal

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Arsenic Arsenic µg/L 100 22.2 18.2 27.0 12.6 22.1 44.0 131 100% 0.162
Cadmium Cadmium µg/g creatinine 100 0.450 0.377 0.536 0.222 0.460 0.913 1.75 97% 0.0391 µg/L
Mercury Mercury µg/L 100 0.301 0.246 0.367 0.135 0.301 0.599 1.71 99% 0.0300

Project: Asian/Pacific Islander Community Exposures (ACE) Project - ACE 2

A mulit-generational family of Asian-Americans sharing a meal

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Arsenic Arsenic µg/L 100 33.6 27.4 41.1 18.0 35.4 70.5 121 100% 0.100
Cadmium Cadmium µg/g 100 0.625 0.527 0.740 0.353 0.712 1.12 2.16 99% 0.0300 µg/L
Mercury Mercury µg/L 100 0.432 0.349 0.535 0.218 0.418 0.816 2.11 97% 0.0500

Project: Biomonitoring Exposures Study (BEST) - 1.Pilot

Diverse group of smiling adults

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Arsenic Arsenic µg/L 108 11.6 9.30 14.5 5.08 10.9 21.5 102 100% 0.0493 µg/L
Cadmium Cadmium µg/g creatinine 108 0.301 0.267 0.339 0.186 0.300 0.461 0.853 100% 0.0420 µg/L
Mercury Mercury µg/L 108 0.210 0.168 0.263 0.087 0.217 0.509 1.14 98.1% 0.0163 µg/L

Project: Biomonitoring Exposures Study (BEST) - 2.Expanded

Diverse group of smiling adults

Weighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Tungsten µg/L 218 0.0762 0.0584 0.0994 0.0447 0.0924 0.155 0.333 95.8% 0.00493 µg/L ●
Tungsten µg/g creatinine 218 0.0833 0.0684 0.101 0.0475 0.0812 0.141 0.399 95.8% 0.00493 µg/L ●
Arsenic Arsenic µg/L 218 8.60 7.05 10.5 5.08 10.3 14.0 41.6 100% 0.0493 µg/L ●
Arsenic Arsenic µg/g creatinine 218 9.40 8.25 10.71 5.35 9.29 13.8 29 100% 0.0493 µg/L ●
Cadmium Cadmium µg/L 218 0.184 0.145 0.235 0.0932 0.173 0.412 1.02 87.8% 0.0420 µg/L ●
Cadmium Cadmium µg/g creatinine 218 0.202 0.166 0.245 0.111 0.193 0.334 0.928 87.8% 0.0420 µg/L ●
Cobalt Cobalt µg/L 218 0.190 0.146 0.247 0.0872 0.181 0.417 1.24 98.5% 0.0113 µg/L ●
Cobalt Cobalt µg/g creatinine 218 0.207 0.168 0.256 0.113 0.166 0.305 1.36 98.5% 0.0113 µg/L ●
Manganese Manganese µg/L 218 * * * <LOD 0.0555 0.106 0.461 56.3% 0.0449 µg/L ●
Manganese Manganese µg/g creatinine 218 * * * <LOD 0.0632 0.123 0.89 56.3% 0.0449 µg/L ●
Mercury Mercury µg/L 218 0.148 0.114 0.194 0.0766 0.154 0.358 1.09 93.9% 0.0163 µg/L ●
Mercury Mercury µg/g creatinine 218 0.162 0.130 0.202 0.0756 0.182 0.314 0.811 93.9% 0.0163 µg/L ●
Molybdenum Molybdenum µg/L 218 40.4 31.8 51.4 20.0 48.6 81.1 202 100% 0.0736 µg/L ●
Molybdenum Molybdenum µg/g creatinine 218 44.2 36.9 52.9 28.8 40.2 71.0 158 100% 0.0736 µg/L ●
Thallium Thallium µg/L 218 0.164 0.136 0.197 0.125 0.182 0.296 0.373 98.4% 0.00982 µg/L ●
Thallium Thallium µg/g creatinine 218 0.179 0.161 0.198 0.135 0.180 0.247 0.392 98.4% 0.00982 µg/L ●
Uranium Uranium µg/L 218 0.00709 0.00533 0.00944 0.00215 0.00752 0.0181 0.0635 82.0% 0.00134 µg/L ●
Uranium Uranium µg/g creatinine 218 0.00775 0.00606 0.00990 0.00349 0.00664 0.0149 0.0645 82.0% 0.00134 µg/L ●

Project: California Regional Exposure Study, Los Angeles County (CARE-LA)

CARE LA Study logo, showing California in blue with Los Angeles County in orange

Weighted Results

10000
Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Antimony Antimony µg/L 428 * * * < LOD < LOD 0.0316 0.101 26.2% 0.0300 µg/L ▼
Antimony Antimony µg/g creatinine 426 * * * < LOD < LOD 0.0676 0.180 26.6% 0.0300 µg/L ▷
Arsenic Arsenic µg/L 428 8.06 6.69 9.71 3.63 7.91 16.7 67.2 100% 0.100 µg/L ▼
Arsenic Arsenic µg/g creatinine 426 10.6 9.06 12.3 5.16 9.14 18.8 59.7 100% 0.100 µg/L ▷
Cadmium Cadmium µg/L 428 0.153 0.130 0.182 0.0707 0.169 0.342 0.743 100% 0.0100 µg/L ▼
Cadmium Cadmium µg/g creatinine 426 0.199 0.175 0.227 0.115 0.187 0.338 0.691 100% 0.0100 µg/L ▷
Cobalt Cobalt µg/L 428 0.217 0.184 0.256 0.119 0.210 0.398 1.37 100% 0.0100 µg/L ▼
Cobalt Cobalt µg/g creatinine 426 0.284 0.251 0.321 0.154 0.262 0.528 1.18 100% 0.0100 µg/L ▷
Manganese Manganese µg/L 428 * * * < LOD < LOD < LOD 0.174 15.2% 0.100 µg/L ▼
Manganese Manganese µg/g creatinine 426 * * * < LOD < LOD < LOD 0.611 15.4% 0.100 µg/L ▷
Mercury Mercury µg/L 428 0.202 0.159 0.256 0.0814 0.232 0.519 2.63 97.1% 0.0100 µg/L ▼
Mercury Mercury µg/g creatinine 426 0.262 0.218 0.314 0.143 0.277 0.516 1.73 97.3% 0.0100 µg/L ▷
Molybdenum Molybdenum µg/L 428 36.0 30.5 42.5 20.0 39.6 79.2 160 100% 0.300 µg/L ▼
Molybdenum Molybdenum µg/g creatinine 426 47.1 41.7 53.2 28.5 44.9 79.7 194 100% 0.300 µg/L ▷
Thallium Thallium µg/L 428 0.154 0.134 0.178 0.0850 0.169 0.305 0.527 99.8% 0.0100 µg/L ▼
Thallium Thallium µg/g creatinine 426 0.200 0.183 0.218 0.132 0.197 0.284 0.491 100% 0.0100 µg/L ▷
Uranium Uranium µg/L 428 * * * < LOD < LOD 0.0193 0.116 48.6% 0.0100 µg/L ▼
Uranium Uranium µg/g creatinine 426 * * * < LOD < LOD 0.0313 0.116 49.3% 0.0100 µg/L ▷

Project: California Regional Exposure Study, Region 2 (CARE-2)

Logo for the CARE-2 study showing a blue map of California with the eastern part of California in orange

Weighted Results

10000
Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Antimony Antimony µg/L 357 * * * < LOD < LOD < LOD 0.343 19.2% 0.0500 µg/L ▽
Antimony Antimony µg/g creatinine 357 * * * < LOD < LOD < LOD 0.309 19.2% 0.0500 µg/L ▽
Arsenic Arsenic µg/L 357 6.40 5.16 7.96 2.69 6.27 11.5 42.1 100% 0.100 µg/L ▽
Arsenic Arsenic µg/g creatinine 357 8.40 7.10 9.94 4.02 6.86 14.2 50.4 100% 0.100 µg/L ▽
Cadmium Cadmium µg/L 357 0.172 0.145 0.205 0.0786 0.186 0.363 0.901 95.1% 0.0300 µg/L ▽
Cadmium Cadmium µg/g creatinine 357 0.226 0.195 0.262 0.112 0.227 0.394 1.05 95.1% 0.0300 µg/L ▽
Cobalt Cobalt µg/L 357 0.182 0.154 0.215 0.0927 0.200 0.360 1.05 92.9% 0.0300 µg/L ▽
Cobalt Cobalt µg/g creatinine 357 0.238 0.209 0.272 0.125 0.200 0.390 1.11 92.9% 0.0300 µg/L ▽
Manganese Manganese µg/L 357 * * * < LOD < LOD < LOD 0.212 15.4% 0.100 µg/L ▽
Manganese Manganese µg/g creatinine 357 * * * < LOD < LOD < LOD 0.555 15.4% 0.100 µg/L ▽
Mercury Mercury µg/L 357 0.165 0.138 0.197 0.0706 0.168 0.362 0.922 91.6% 0.0300 µg/L ▽
Mercury Mercury µg/g creatinine 357 0.216 0.184 0.254 0.104 0.213 0.402 1.34 91.6% 0.0300 µg/L ▽
Molybdenum Molybdenum µg/L 357 33.5 28.2 39.8 18.6 35.6 64.7 168 100% 0.300 µg/L ▽
Molybdenum Molybdenum µg/g creatinine 357 43.9 38.8 49.7 29.3 42.9 62.9 161 100% 0.300 µg/L ▽
Thallium Thallium µg/L 357 0.148 0.130 0.169 0.0884 0.158 0.257 0.472 >99.9% 0.0100 µg/L ▽
Thallium Thallium µg/g creatinine 357 0.194 0.177 0.214 0.129 0.182 0.278 0.525 >99.9% 0.0100 µg/L ▽
Uranium Uranium µg/L 357 * * * < LOD < LOD 0.0216 0.0805 49.6% 0.0100 µg/L ▽
Uranium Uranium µg/g creatinine 357 * * * < LOD < LOD 0.0316 0.112 49.6% 0.0100 µg/L ▽

Project: California Regional Exposure Study, Region 3 (CARE-3)

Logo for the CARE-3 study showing a blue map of California with Orange and San Diego counties in orange
  • Study Group Subset: Adults

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
Antimony Antimony µg/L * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.0558 20.0% 0.0300 µg/L ⌂
Arsenic Arsenic µg/L 6.13 4.57 8.21 2.46 4.44 18.5 40.0 100% 0.100 µg/L ⌂
Cadmium Cadmium µg/g creatinine 0.240 0.201 0.287 0.123 0.231 0.403 0.714 91.1% 0.0300 µg/L ⌂
Cobalt Cobalt µg/L 0.171 0.133 0.220 0.0715 0.182 0.319 0.846 92.2% 0.0300 µg/L ⌂
Manganese Manganese µg/L * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.132 18.9% 0.100 µg/L ⌂
Mercury Mercury µg/L 0.156 0.121 0.201 0.0667 0.156 0.369 0.643 88.9% 0.0300 µg/L ⌂
Molybdenum Molybdenum µg/L 24.5 19.8 30.3 12.1 26.2 58.1 85.2 100% 0.300 µg/L ⌂
Thallium Thallium µg/L 0.108 0.0909 0.129 0.0607 0.119 0.208 0.273 98.9% 0.0100 µg/L ⌂
Uranium Uranium µg/L * * * <LOD <LOD 0.0164 0.0326 40.0% 0.0100 µg/L ⌂

Project: Firefighter Occupational Exposures (FOX) Project

Firefighters fighting flames, wearing full protective suits and holding large hoses spraying water
  • Study Group Subset: Firefighters

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
Arsenic Arsenic μg/L 101 10.8 9.03 12.9 6.05 10.4 21.0 34.9 100% 0.158
Cadmium Cadmium μg/g creatinine 101 0.145 0.132 0.160 <LOD 0.138 0.190 0.277 69.7% 0.105 μg/L
Manganese Manganese μg/L 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 9.1% 0.184
Mercury Mercury μg/L 101 0.455 0.382 0.542 0.221 0.447 0.914 1.28 100% 0.0522

Project: Maternal and Infant Environmental Exposure Project (MIEEP)

Pregnant woman seated in front of a laptop computer
  • Study Group Subset: Pregnant women

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
Arsenic Arsenic µg/L 89 7.71 6.39 9.32 4.34 8.15 11.2 34.9 0.158
Cadmium Cadmium μg/g creatinine 89 0.185 0.160 0.213 <LOD 0.178 0.257 0.364 0.105 μg/L
Mercury Mercury μg/L 89 0.212 0.164 0.274 0.0897 0.176 0.429 0.997 0.0522

Chemical Group: Organochlorine Pesticides

  • Measured in: Serum

Project: Biomonitoring Exposures Study (BEST) - 1.Pilot

Diverse group of smiling adults

Unweighted Results

10000
Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
beta-Hexachlorocyclohexane (beta-HCH) b-HCH ng/g lipid 110 7.00 5.42 9.05 2.98 5.94 11.5 115 89.1% 0.00800 ng/mL
DDE (para,para) para,para-DDT and/or para,para-DDE ng/g lipid 110 321 266 386 161 318 585 2180 100.0% 0.0160 ng/mL
DDT (ortho,para) ortho,para-DDT ng/g lipid 110 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.0% 0.00800 ng/mL
DDT (para,para) para,para-DDT ng/g lipid 110 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 10.6 15.5% 0.00800 ng/mL
Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) HCB ng/g lipid 110 11.6 10.8 12.5 9.21 11.4 14.0 20.6 100.0% 0.00800 ng/mL
Oxychlordane Chlordane ng/g lipid 110 7.61 6.41 9.02 5.45 8.30 13.2 28.4 91.8% 0.00800 ng/mL
trans-Nonachlor Chlordane ng/g lipid 110 14.3 12.0 17.0 8.31 14.5 25.1 60.8 99.1% 0.00800 ng/mL

Project: Biomonitoring Exposures Study (BEST) - 2.Expanded

Diverse group of smiling adults

Weighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
beta-Hexachlorocyclohexane (beta-HCH) b-HCH ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD <LOD 5.22 24.7 35.5% 0.00800 ng/mL ♦
DDE (para,para) para,para-DDT and/or para,para-DDE ng/g lipid 217 217 176 267 110 174 542 1240 100% 0.0160 ng/mL ♦
DDT (ortho,para) ortho,para-DDT ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.5% 0.00800 ng/mL ♦
DDT (para,para) para,para-DDT ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD 1.71 2.58 4.98 64.2% 0.00800 ng/mL ♦
Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) HCB ng/g lipid 217 8.82 8.21 9.47 7.27 8.71 11.1 16.1 100% 0.0106 ng/mL ♦
Oxychlordane Chlordane ng/g lipid 217 3.73 3.09 4.50 2.00 3.54 7.37 15.0 83.4% 0.00800 ng/mL ♦
trans-Nonachlor Chlordane ng/g lipid 217 6.92 5.68 8.44 3.69 6.43 14.9 34.4 89.9% 0.00800 ng/mL ♦

Project: California Childhood Leukemia Study (CCLS)

California Childhood Leukemia Study (CCLS) Thumbnail logo shows three young bears in yellow color standing in a row holding hands

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
beta-Hexachlorocyclohexane (beta-HCH) b-HCH ng/g lipid 48 5.7 3.8 8.5 <LOD 5.9 10 29 69% 0.010 ng/mL
DDE (para,para) DDT (para,para) and/or DDE (para,para) ng/g lipid 48 190 160 230 120 180 290 420 100% 0.027 ng/mL
DDT (ortho,para) DDT (ortho,para) ng/g lipid 48 3.7 3.0 4.6 <LOD 5.3 7.1 8.2 69% 0.012 ng/mL
DDT (para,para) DDT (para,para) ng/g lipid 48 4.3 3.5 5.2 3.3 4.1 6.3 9.0 88% 0.010 ng/mL
Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) HCB ng/g lipid 48 7.7 7.2 8.1 6.8 7.8 8.5 10 100% 0.010 ng/mL
Oxychlordane Chlordane ng/g lipid 48 4.6 4.1 5.2 3.9 5.0 5.8 7.1 98% 0.010 ng/mL
trans-Nonachlor Chlordane ng/g lipid 48 8.8 7.7 10 6.7 8.8 11 15 100% 0.011 ng/mL

Project: California Teachers Study (CTS)

CTS Logo

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
beta-Hexachlorocyclohexane (beta-HCH) b-HCH ng/g lipid 793 5.21 4.88 5.57 2.79 5.24 9.66 25.3 84.5% 0.015 ng/mL
DDE (para,para) DDT (para,para) and/or DDE (para,para) ng/g lipid 793 301 283 320 159 298 540 1360 100% 0.015 ng/mL
DDT (ortho,para) DDT (ortho,para) ng/g lipid 793 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.3% 0.031 ng/mL
DDT (para,para) DDT (para,para) ng/g lipid 793 1.94 1.87 2.02 <LOD 1.84 2.58 5.47 67.7% 0.015 ng/mL
Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) HCB ng/g lipid 793 12 11.7 12.2 9.75 11.9 14.3 20.8 100% 0.015 ng/mL
Oxychlordane Oxychlordane ng/g lipid 793 8.34 7.95 8.75 5.52 8.63 13 23.6 98.1% 0.015 ng/mL
trans-Nonachlor t-Nonachlor ng/g lipid 793 15.3 14.6 16 10.1 14.8 23.4 49.4 99.9% 0.015 ng/mL

Project: Firefighter Occupational Exposures (FOX) Project

Firefighters fighting flames, wearing full protective suits and holding large hoses spraying water
  • Study Group Subset: Firefighters

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
beta-Hexachlorocyclohexane (beta-HCH) beta-HCH ng/g lipid 101 2.19 2.00 2.41 1.68 2.23 2.83 4.64 97.0% 0.005 ng/mL
DDE (para,para) para,para-DDT and/or para,para-DDE ng/g lipid 101 177 161 196 125 182 245 394 100% 0.009 ng/mL
DDT (ortho,para) ortho,para-DDT ng/g lipid 101 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 4.0% 0.005 ng/mL
DDT (para,para) para,para-DDT ng/g lipid 101 1.34 1.20 1.50 <LOD 1.43 2.07 3.08 74.3% 0.005 ng/mL
Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) HCB ng/g lipid 101 11.8 11.3 12.4 10.3 11.7 13.2 17.6 100% 0.007 ng/mL
Oxychlordane Chlordane ng/g lipid 101 4.08 3.64 4.56 2.73 4.31 5.80 9.63 99.0% 0.005 ng/mL
trans-Nonachlor Chlordane ng/g lipid 101 7.32 6.57 8.15 5.07 7.32 10.2 16.6 100% 0.005 ng/mL

Project: Maternal and Infant Environmental Exposure Project (MIEEP)

Pregnant woman seated in front of a laptop computer
  • Study Group Subset: Pregnant women

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
beta-Hexachlorocyclohexane (beta-HCH) beta-HCH ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD 1.59 6.00 13.2 0.005 ng/mL
DDE (para,para) para,para-DDT and/or para,para-DDE ng/g lipid 77 112 85.1 149 53.0 94.0 161 516 0.005 ng/mL
DDT (ortho,para) ortho,para-DDT ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.005 ng/mL
DDT (para,para) para,para-DDT ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 18.2 0.005 ng/mL
Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) HCB ng/g lipid 77 8.26 7.58 8.99 6.50 8.43 10.1 12.5 0.034 ng/mL
Oxychlordane Chlordane ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD 0.93 1.6 3.2 0.005 ng/mL
trans-Nonachlor Chlordane ng/g lipid 77 1.69 1.41 2.02 1.09 1.80 2.87 4.88 0.006 ng/mL

Project: Measuring Analytes in Maternal Archived Samples (MAMAS) – MAMAS 1

Drawing of a pregnant person
  • Study Group Subset: Subsample 1

Unweighted Results

10000
Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
beta-Hexachlorocyclohexane (beta-HCH) b-HCH ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.7% 0.0107 ng/mL
DDE (para,para) para,para-DDT and/or para,para-DDE ng/g lipid 58 82.6 61.7 110 38.8 72.5 155 433 100% 0.00837 ng/mL
DDT (ortho,para) ortho,para-DDT ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 5.2% 0.0100 ng/mL
DDT (para,para) para,para-DDT ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD 1.85 5.59 25.9% 0.0107 ng/mL
Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) HCB ng/g lipid 58 6.41 5.85 7.03 5.24 6.14 7.43 8.93 100% 0.0116 ng/mL
Oxychlordane Chlordane ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.69 20.7% 0.00618 ng/mL
trans-Nonachlor Chlordane ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.7% 0.0107 ng/mL

Project: Measuring Analytes in Maternal Archived Samples (MAMAS) – MAMAS 2

Drawing of a pregnant individual
  • Study Group Subset: Subsample 1

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
DDT (ortho,para) ortho,para-DDT ng/g lipid 242 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.2% 0.0160 and 0.0180 ng/mL**
DDT (para,para) para,para-DDT ng/g lipid 242 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.98 9.1% 0.0160 and 0.0180 ng/mL**
Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) HCB ng/g lipid 242 11.4 10.8 11.9 8.98 11.2 13.5 21.7 93.4% 0.0399 and 0.0875 ng/mL**
Oxychlordane Chlordane ng/g lipid 242 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 4.5% 0.0160 and 0.0180 ng/mL**
trans-Nonachlor Chlordane ng/g lipid 242 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.18 24.4% 0.0160 and 0.0180 ng/mL**

Project: Measuring Analytes in Maternal Archived Samples (MAMAS) – MAMAS 3

Drawing of a pregnant individual
  • Study Group Subset: Subsample 1

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
beta-Hexachlorocyclohexane (beta-HCH) b-HCH ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 4.12 17.6% 0.0160 ng/mL
DDE (para,para) para,para-DDT and/or para,para-DDE ng/g lipid 204 11.1 9.59 12.9 4.71 9.50 18.4 97.1 75.5% 0.0320 ng/mL
DDT (ortho,para) ortho,para-DDT ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0160 ng/mL
DDT (para,para) para,para-DDT ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 3.4% 0.0160 ng/mL
Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) HCB ng/g lipid 204 10.3 10.0 10.6 8.99 10.2 11.7 14.0 100% 0.0230 ng/mL
Oxychlordane Chlordane ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0160 ng/mL
trans-Nonachlor Chlordane ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.5% 0.0160 ng/mL

Chemical Group: Organophosphate Pesticides

  • Measured in: Urine

Project: Biomonitoring Exposures Study (BEST) - 1.Pilot

Diverse group of smiling adults

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested 10000 Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
IMPY Diazinon µg/L 109 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.0944 0.708 35.8% 0.0500 µg/L
TCPy Chlorpyrifos, Chlorpyrifos-methyl µg/L 109 1.23 1.05 1.45 0.706 1.24 2.24 4.40 80.7% 0.500 µg/L

Project: Biomonitoring Exposures Study (BEST) - 2.Expanded

Diverse group of smiling adults

Weighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
IMPY Diazanon µg/L 218 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.199 0.849 47.5% 0.0500 µg/L ●
IMPY Diazanon µg/g creatinine 218 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.216 0.829 47.5% 0.0500 µg/L ●
TCPy Chlorpyrifos (Chlorpyrifos methyl) µg/L 218 0.912 0.792 1.05 <LOD 0.991 1.39 2.72 74.6% 0.500 µg/L ●
TCPy Chlorpyrifos (Chlorpyrifos methyl) µg/g creatinine 218 0.997 0.883 1.13 <LOD 0.953 1.40 2.61 74.6% 0.500 µg/L ●

Project: Firefighter Occupational Exposures (FOX) Project

Firefighters fighting flames, wearing full protective suits and holding large hoses spraying water
  • Study Group Subset: Firefighters

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
IMPY Diazinon μg/L 101 0.16 0.12 0.20 <LOD 0.18 0.42 1.2 66.3% 0.050
TCPy Chlorpyrifos μg/L 101 1.78 1.47 2.15 0.823 1.96 3.32 10.4 89.1% 0.50

Project: Maternal and Infant Environmental Exposure Project (MIEEP)

Pregnant woman seated in front of a laptop computer
  • Study Group Subset: Pregnant women

Unweighted Results

10000
Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
DEDTP Phorate and others μg/L 89 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.10
DEP Chlorpyrifos, diazinon, and others μg/L 89 1.41 1.10 1.80 <LOD 1.76 3.51 6.79 0.50
DMDTP Dimethoate, malathion, methidathion, phosmet, and others μg/L 89 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.0
DMTP Dimethoate, malathion, methidathion, phosmet, and others μg/L 89 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.50
TCPy Chlorpyrifos μg/L 89 0.52 0.41 0.65 <LOD 0.53 1.2 2.2 0.20

Chemical Group: Other Pesticides

  • Measured in: Urine

Project: Biomonitoring Exposures Study (BEST) - 1.Pilot

Diverse group of smiling adults

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
DEET DEET µg/L 109 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.502 12.8% 0.0500 µg/L

Project: Biomonitoring Exposures Study (BEST) - 2.Expanded

Diverse group of smiling adults

Weighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
DEET DEET µg/L 218 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.102 0.286 38.5% 0.0500 µg/L ●
DEET DEET µg/g creatinine 218 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.117 0.425 38.5% 0.0500 µg/L ●

Chemical Group: Perchlorate

  • Measured in: Urine

Project: Biomonitoring Exposures Study (BEST) - 1.Pilot

Diverse group of smiling adults

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Perchlorate µg/L 102 3.77 3.23 4.39 2.26 3.76 5.95 13.9 100% 0.500 µg/L

Project: Biomonitoring Exposures Study (BEST) - 2.Expanded

Diverse group of smiling adults

Weighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Perchlorate µg/L 218 2.91 2.38 3.56 2.00 2.98 4.59 18.6 100% 0.0100 µg/L ●
Perchlorate µg/g creatinine 218 3.19 2.68 3.79 1.79 2.87 5.47 13.9 100% 0.0100 µg/L ●

Chemical Group: Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs)

  • Measured in: Serum

Project: Asian/Pacific Islander Community Exposures (ACE) Project - ACE 1

A mulit-generational family of Asian-Americans sharing a meal

Unweighted Results

10000 10000
Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
4:2 FTS 4:2 FTS ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0120
5:3 FTCA 5:3 FTCA ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0500
6:2 diPAP 6:2 diPAP ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 7.3% 0.0500
6:2 FTCA 6:2 FTCA ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.250
6:2 FTS 6:2 FTS ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0500
6:2 FTUCA 6:2 FTUCA ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0120
6:6 PFPiA 6:6 PFPiA ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0120
6:8 PFPiA 6:8 PFPiA ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0500
7:3 FTCA 7:3 FTCA ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0500
8:2 diPAP 8:2 diPAP ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.250
8:2 FTCA 8:2 FTCA ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.500
8:2 FTS 8:2 FTS ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0500
8:2 FTUCA 8:2 FTUCA ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0120
8:2 PAP 8:2 PAP ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.500
Et-PFOSA-AcOH Et-PFOSA-AcOH ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 5.2% 0.0500
Me-PFOSA-AcOH Me-PFOSA-AcOH ng/ml 96 0.0523 0.0421 0.0650 0.0256 0.0467 0.0959 0.228 95.8% 0.0120
PFBA PFBA ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD 0.0582 0.0846 0.140 62.5% 0.0500
PFBS PFBS ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0442
PFDA PFDA ng/ml 96 0.477 0.406 0.559 0.281 0.453 0.739 1.49 80.2% 0.250
PFDoA PFDoA ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD 0.0540 0.0788 0.134 56.3% 0.0500
PFDS PFDS ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD 0.0104 0.0204 0.048 53.1% 0.00965
PFHpA PFHpA ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.0574 0.0868 30.2% 0.0500
PFHxA PFHxA ng/ml 96 0.176 0.162 0.191 0.151 0.180 0.214 0.276 97.9% 0.0556
PFHxPA PFHxPA ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0500
PFHxS PFHxS ng/ml 96 0.767 0.66 0.891 0.432 0.789 1.41 1.81 100% 0.00945
PFNA PFNA ng/ml 96 0.987 0.870 1.12 0.65 0.948 1.33 2.24 99% 0.250
PFOA PFOA ng/ml 96 1.41 1.23 1.61 0.998 1.36 2.16 2.85 100% 0.0500
PFOPA PFOPA ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0500
PFOS PFOS ng/ml 96 6.51 5.49 7.73 3.32 6.05 11.7 19.3 100% 0.0566
PFOSA PFOSA ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0120
PFPeA PFPeA ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0500
PFUnDA PFUnDA ng/ml 96 0.398 0.348 0.455 0.301 0.427 0.600 0.824 100% 0.0500

Project: Asian/Pacific Islander Community Exposures (ACE) Project - ACE 2

A mulit-generational family of Asian-Americans sharing a meal

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
4:2 FTS 4:2 FTS ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0120
5:3 FTCA 5:3 FTCA ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2% 0.0500
6:2 diPAP 6:2 diPAP ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2% 0.0500
6:2 FTCA 6:2 FTCA ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.250
6:2 FTS 6:2 FTS ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 3% 0.0500
6:2 FTUCA 6:2 FTUCA ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0120
6:6 PFPiA 6:6 PFPiA ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0100
6:8 PFPiA 6:8 PFPiA ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0500
7:3 FTCA 7:3 FTCA ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 5.1% 0.0500
8:2 diPAP 8:2 diPAP ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.250
8:2 FTCA 8:2 FTCA ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.500
8:2 FTS 8:2 FTS ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0500
8:2 FTUCA 8:2 FTUCA ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0120
8:2 PAP 8:2 PAP ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.500
Et-PFOSA-AcOH Et-PFOSA-AcOH ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 3% 0.0500
Me-PFOSA-AcOH Me-PFOSA-AcOH ng/ml 99 0.0342 0.0291 0.0402 0.0197 0.0282 0.0538 0.114 97% 0.0120
PFBA PFBA ng/ml 99 0.0589 0.0531 0.0655 <LOD 0.0580 0.0736 0.0996 67.7% 0.0500
PFBS PFBS ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 3% 0.0400
PFDA PFDA ng/ml 99 0.559 0.490 0.636 0.393 0.541 0.823 1.28 87.9% 0.250
PFDoA PFDoA ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD 0.0135 0.0226 0.0441 52.5% 0.0500
PFDS PFDS ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD 0.0505 0.0773 0.127 59.6% 0.0100
PFHpA PFHpA ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.0699 20.2% 0.0500
PFHxA PFHxA ng/ml 99 0.189 0.166 0.215 0.124 0.174 0.268 0.453 98% 0.0600
PFHxPA PFHxPA ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0500
PFHxS PFHxS ng/ml 99 1.29 1.14 1.45 10000 0.787 1.21 1.81 3.05 100% 0.0100
PFNA PFNA ng/ml 99 1.10 0.988 1.22 0.84 1.08 1.49 2.21 99% 0.250
PFOA PFOA ng/ml 99 1.69 1.51 1.88 1.20 1.61 2.30 3.06 100% 0.0600
PFOPA PFOPA ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0500
PFOS PFOS ng/ml 99 7.47 6.38 8.75 4.17 7.00 11.5 22.9 100% 0.191
PFOSA PFOSA ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 3% 0.0100
PFPeA PFPeA ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0500
PFUnDA PFUnDA ng/ml 99 0.453 0.391 0.525 0.309 0.443 0.740 1.12 98% 0.0500

Project: Biomonitoring Exposures Study (BEST) - 1.Pilot

Diverse group of smiling adults

Unweighted Results

10000
Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Et-PFOSA-AcOH Et-PFOSA-AcOH ng/mL 110 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.022 0.163 24.5% 0.0313 ng/mL
Me-PFOSA-AcOH Me-PFOSA-AcOH ng/mL 110 0.174 0.142 0.213 0.0945 0.165 0.329 1.350 95.5% 0.0277 ng/mL
PFBS PFBS ng/mL 110 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.0680 11.8% 0.0411 ng/mL
PFDA PFDA ng/mL 110 0.245 0.216 0.278 0.160 0.254 0.334 0.767 100% 0.0349 ng/mL
PFDoA PFDoA ng/mL 110 0.0191 0.0166 0.0221 <LOD 0.0193 0.0303 0.0595 70.0% 0.0114 ng/mL
PFHpA PFHpA ng/mL 110 0.0483 0.0395 0.0591 0.0246 0.0543 0.0901 0.269 87.3% 0.010 ng/mL
PFHxS PFHxS ng/mL 110 1.43 1.19 1.73 0.917 1.52 2.43 6.87 99.1% 0.0206 ng/mL
PFNA PFNA ng/mL 110 0.994 0.920 1.07 0.730 0.984 1.35 1.86 100% 0.0154 ng/mL
PFOA PFOA ng/mL 110 1.97 1.76 2.19 1.36 1.99 2.92 4.70 100% 0.0087 ng/mL
PFOS PFOS ng/mL 110 7.00 6.12 8.00 4.66 7.10 10.4 25.8 100% 0.0621 ng/mL
PFOSA PFOSA ng/mL 110 * * * <LOD 0.0254 0.0487 0.195 52.7% 0.0225 ng/mL
PFUnDA PFUnDA ng/mL 110 0.128 0.111 0.148 0.0737 0.123 0.195 0.533 100% 0.0254 ng/mL

Project: Biomonitoring Exposures Study (BEST) - 2.Expanded

Diverse group of smiling adults

Weighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Et-PFOSA-AcOH Et-PFOSA-AcOH ng/mL 337 * * * <LOD 0.00732 0.0218 0.0865 51.7% 0.00682 ng/mL ○
Me-PFOSA-AcOH Me-PFOSA-AcOH ng/mL 337 0.120 0.106 0.136 0.0686 0.124 0.202 0.514 98.4% 0.0114 ng/mL ○
PFDA PFDA ng/mL 337 0.162 0.146 0.180 0.0901 0.161 0.262 0.522 79.1% 0.0877 ng/mL ○
PFDoA PFDoA ng/mL 337 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.4% 0.148 ng/mL ○
PFHpA PFHpA ng/mL 337 * * * <LOD 0.0189 0.0480 0.135 61.4% 0.0121 ng/mL ○
PFHxS PFHxS ng/mL 337 1.09 0.952 1.26 0.606 1.13 1.85 4.59 99.5% 0.0538 ng/mL ○
PFNA PFNA ng/mL 337 0.739 0.660 0.827 0.497 0.764 1.18 1.95 99.5% 0.0282 ng/mL ○
PFOA PFOA ng/mL 337 1.42 1.26 1.60 1.04 1.63 2.34 4.07 99.5% 0.0426 ng/mL ○
PFOS PFOS ng/mL 337 5.07 4.53 5.68 3.41 5.05 7.82 17.6 99.7% 0.0943 ng/mL ○
PFOSA PFOSA ng/mL 337 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.0246 0.108 29.2% 0.0212 ng/mL ○
PFUnDA PFUnDA ng/mL 337 0.0841 0.0743 0.0952 0.0447 0.0820 0.138 0.363 80.3% 0.0371 ng/mL ○

Project: California Regional Exposure Study, Los Angeles County (CARE-LA)

CARE LA Study logo, showing California in blue with Los Angeles County in orange

Weighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Et-PFOSA-AcOH Et-PFOSA-AcOH ng/mL 425 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.0147 0.0554 35.7% 0.0115 ng/mL ▶
Me-PFOSA-AcOH Me-PFOSA-AcOH ng/mL 425 0.0678 0.0589 0.0780 0.0396 0.0558 0.0953 0.340 100% 0.0114 ng/mL ▶
PFBS PFBS ng/mL 425 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.0357 5.5% 0.0303 ng/mL ▶
PFDA PFDA ng/mL 425 * * * <LOD 0.0795 0.164 0.321 62.3% 0.0560 ng/mL ▶
PFDoA PFDoA ng/mL 425 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.3% 0.110 ng/mL ▶
PFHpA PFHpA ng/mL 425 * * * <LOD 0.0280 0.0447 0.0981 52.0% 0.0256 ng/mL ▶
PFHxS PFHxS ng/mL 425 0.689 0.585 0.813 0.418 0.787 1.23 2.39 98.5% 0.0177 ng/mL ▶
PFNA PFNA ng/mL 425 0.298 0.263 0.339 0.195 0.320 0.471 1.16 96.9% 0.0424 ng/mL ▶
PFOA PFOA ng/mL 425 1.04 0.920 1.17 0.732 1.17 1.52 3.06 99.8% 0.0606 ng/mL ▶
PFOS PFOS ng/mL 425 2.20 1.87 2.60 1.41 2.38 3.91 8.78 98.0% 0.0615 ng/mL ▶
PFOSA PFOSA ng/mL 425 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.0152 0.0611 26.7% 0.0144 ng/mL ▶
PFUnDA PFUnDA ng/mL 425 0.0721 0.0619 0.0840 0.0336 0.0735 0.136 0.350 77.6% 0.0285 ng/mL ▶

Project: California Regional Exposure Study, Region 2 (CARE-2)

Logo for the CARE-2 study showing a blue map of California with the eastern part of California in orange

Weighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Et-PFOSA-AcOH Et-PFOSA-AcOH ng/mL 358 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.0312 16.4% 0.0115 ng/mL ◀
Me-PFOSA-AcOH Me-PFOSA-AcOH ng/mL 358 0.0344 0.0298 0.0397 0.0178 0.0355 0.0580 0.204 81.2% 0.0114 ng/mL ◀ 10000
PFBS PFBS ng/mL 357 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.0379 9.8% 0.0303 ng/mL ▽
PFDA PFDA ng/mL 358 * * * <LOD 0.0768 0.144 0.252 63.3% 0.0560 ng/mL ◀
PFDoA PFDoA ng/mL 358 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.01% 0.110 ng/mL ◀
PFHpA PFHpA ng/mL 358 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.0536 0.101 43.6% 0.0256 ng/mL ◀
PFHxS PFHxS ng/mL 358 0.798 0.669 0.953 0.465 0.837 1.72 3.20 99.8% 0.0177 ng/mL ◀
PFNA PFNA ng/mL 358 0.211 0.181 0.246 0.132 0.256 0.374 0.775 89.5% 0.0424 ng/mL ◀
PFOA PFOA ng/mL 358 0.987 0.866 1.12 0.668 1.13 1.77 2.53 98.8% 0.0606 ng/mL ◀
PFOS PFOS ng/mL 357 2.41 2.05 2.82 1.48 2.88 4.89 7.14 98.5% 0.0615 ng/mL ▽
PFOSA PFOSA ng/mL 358 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.0329 14.9% 0.0144 ng/mL ◀
PFUnDA PFUnDA ng/mL 358 * * * <LOD 0.0416 0.0929 0.258 61.3% 0.0285 ng/mL ◀

Project: California Regional Exposure Study, Region 3 (CARE-3)

Logo for the CARE-3 study showing a blue map of California with Orange and San Diego counties in orange
  • Study Group Subset: Adults

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
Et-PFOSA-AcOH Et-PFOSA-AcOH ng/mL * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.0250 16.9% 0.0115 ng/mL ⌂
Me-PFOSA-AcOH Me-PFOSA-AcOH ng/mL 0.0363 0.0266 0.0494 <LOD 0.0332 0.082 0.238 65.9% 0.0114 ng/mL ⌂
PFBS PFBS ng/mL * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.5% 0.0303 ng/mL ⌂
PFDA PFDA ng/mL 0.0942 0.0802 0.111 <LOD 0.0926 0.174 0.234 67.4% 0.0560 ng/mL ⌂
PFDoA PFDoA ng/mL * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 5.0% 0.110 ng/mL ⌂
PFHpA PFHpA ng/mL * * * <LOD <LOD 0.0377 0.0690 39.0% 0.0256 ng/mL ⌂
PFHxS PFHxS ng/mL 0.670 0.517 0.868 0.393 0.796 1.33 2.69 97.8% 0.0177 ng/mL ⌂
PFNA PFNA ng/mL 0.295 0.245 0.356 0.216 0.335 0.524 0.762 92.1% 0.0424 ng/mL ⌂
PFOA PFOA ng/mL 0.901 0.733 1.11 0.702 1.03 1.48 2.21 95.5% 0.0606 ng/mL ⌂
PFOS PFOS ng/mL 1.75 1.34 2.28 1.01 2.30 3.92 5.22 95.5% 0.0615 ng/mL ⌂
PFOSA PFOSA ng/mL * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.0328 20.2% 0.0144 ng/mL ⌂
PFUnDA PFUnDA ng/mL 0.0804 0.066 0.098 0.0372 0.0839 0.161 0.286 80.9% 0.0285 ng/mL ⌂

Project: California Teachers Study (CTS)

CTS Logo

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Et-PFOSA-AcOH EtPFOSAAcOH ng/mL 1759 0.031 0.029 0.032 0.015 0.03 0.06 0.2 84.5% 0.011
Me-PFOSA-AcOH MePFOSAAcOH ng/mL 1759 0.2 0.19 0.21 0.1 0.2 0.41 1.3 98.4% 0.013
PFBS PFBS ng/mL 614 *,# * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.067 18.4% 0.022
PFDA PFDA ng/mL 1759 0.22 0.21 0.23 0.15 0.23 0.35 0.67 94.7% 0.032
PFDoA PFDoA ng/mL 1737 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.093 10.8% 0.036
PFHpA PFHpA ng/mL 1759 0.054 0.052 0.057 <LOD 0.054 0.11 0.28 74% 0.015
PFHxS PFHxS ng/mL 1759 1.62 1.56 1.68 1.04 1.58 2.50 6.24 99.9% 0.012
PFNA PFNA ng/mL 1719 0.92 0.89 0.95 0.67 0.95 1.3 2.3 99.7% 0.014
PFOA PFOA ng/mL 1759 2.46 2.39 2.53 1.69 2.5 3.63 6.22 99.9% 0.029
PFOS PFOS ng/mL 1759 6.8 6.56 7.04 4.57 7.14 10.9 19.5 99.8% 0.083
PFOSA PFOSA ng/mL 1597 0.036 0.034 0.039 <LOD 0.036 0.075 0.25 74.1% 0.01
PFUnDA PFUnDA ng/mL 1759 0.13 0.12 0.13 0.081 0.14 0.23 0.42 96.8% 0.01

Project: Firefighter Occupational Exposures (FOX) Project

Firefighters fighting flames, wearing full protective suits and holding large hoses spraying water
  • Study Group Subset: Firefighters

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of detection (LOD)
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Et-PFOSA-AcOH EtPFOSAAcOH ng/mL 101 0.016 0.014 0.018 <LOD 0.016 0.023 0.060 65.3% 0.011
Me-PFOSA-AcOH MePFOSAAcOH ng/mL 101 0.16 0.13 0.18 0.086 0.14 0.24 0.61 100% 0.013
PFBS PFBS ng/mL 101 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.020 6.9% 0.02
PFDA PFDA ng/mL 101 0.899 0.783 1.03 0.512 0.721 1.72 2.63 100% 0.032
PFDoA PFDoA ng/mL 101 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.040
PFHpA PFHpA ng/mL 101 0.13 0.11 0.15 0.06 0.12 0.22 0.63 75.2% 0.059
PFHxS PFHxS ng/mL 101 2.26 2 2.54 1.61 2.27 3.13 4.64 100% 0.012
PFNA PFNA ng/mL 101 1.15 1.06 1.25 0.888 1.13 1.49 2.21 100% 0.075
PFOA PFOA ng/mL 101 3.75 3.37 4.17 2.96 3.86 4.89 9.54 100% 0.301
PFOS PFOS ng/mL 101 12.5 11.3 13.8 10.1 12.7 16.8 24.7 100% 0.083
PFOSA PFOSA ng/mL 101 0.032 0.027 0.037 0.019 0.029 0.050 0.151 95.0% 0.009
PFUnDA PFUnDA ng/mL 101 0.24 0.21 0.27 0.17 0.26 0.37 0.53 100% 0.010

Project: Maternal and Infant Environmental Exposure Project (MIEEP)

Pregnant woman seated in front of a laptop computer
  • Study Group Subset: Pregnant women

Unweighted Results

10000
Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
Et-PFOSA-AcOH Et-PFOSA-AcOH ng/mL 77 * * * <LOD 0.012 0.021 0.026 0.011
Me-PFOSA-AcOH Me-PFOSA-AcOH ng/mL 77 0.067 0.055 0.082 0.037 0.064 0.10 0.20 0.013
PFBS PFBS ng/mL 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.022
PFDA PFDA ng/mL 77 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.035 0.64 0.032
PFDoA PFDoA ng/mL 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.036
PFHpA PFHpA ng/mL 77 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.071 0.14 0.059
PFNA PFNA ng/mL 77 0.733 0.621 0.865 0.504 0.791 1.11 1.74 0.075
PFOA PFOA ng/mL 77 * * * <LOD 0.474 0.811 1.25 0.30
PFOS PFOS ng/mL 77 2.55 2.20 2.95 1.78 2.43 4.11 4.90 0.083
PFOSA PFOSA ng/mL 77 0.019 0.016 0.022 0.012 0.017 0.026 0.049 0.01
PFUnDA PFUnDA ng/mL 77 0.131 0.101 0.170 0.0730 0.165 0.261 0.474 0.01

Project: Measuring Analytes in Maternal Archived Samples (MAMAS) – MAMAS 1

Drawing of a pregnant person
  • Study Group Subset: Subsample 2

Unweighted Results

10000
Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Et-PFOSA-AcOH Et-PFOSA-AcOH ng/mL 200 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.0185 0.0288 29.0% 0.0164 ng/mL
Me-PFOSA-AcOH Me-PFOSA-AcOH ng/mL 200 0.0446 0.0379 0.0526 0.0177 0.0373 0.091 0.361 79.5% 0.0147 ng/mL
PFDA PFDA ng/mL 200 0.198 0.174 0.226 0.0950 0.212 0.373 0.908 83.0% 0.0652 ng/mL
PFDoA PFDoA ng/mL 200 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.317 8.0% 0.174 ng/mL
PFHpA PFHpA ng/mL 200 0.0453 0.0397 0.0515 0.0220 0.0484 0.0954 0.198 83.5% 0.0149 ng/mL
PFHxS PFHxS ng/mL 200 0.904 0.818 0.998 0.558 0.861 1.43 2.83 100% 0.0250 ng/mL
PFNA PFNA ng/mL 200 0.647 0.596 0.703 0.442 0.644 0.952 1.74 100% 0.0302 ng/mL
PFOA PFOA ng/mL 200 1.243 1.154 1.339 0.898 1.29 1.77 2.81 100% 0.0391 ng/mL
PFOS PFOS ng/mL 200 4.20 3.82 4.62 2.62 4.47 6.75 12.3 100% 0.0565 ng/mL
PFOSA PFOSA ng/mL 200 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.00661 0.0266 33.5% 0.00460 ng/mL
PFUnDA PFUnDA ng/mL 200 0.124 0.107 0.144 0.0483 0.118 0.275 0.717 78.0% 0.0430 ng/mL

Project: Measuring Analytes in Maternal Archived Samples (MAMAS) – MAMAS 2

Drawing of a pregnant individual
  • Study Group Subset: Subsample 2

Unweighted Results

10000
Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
4:2 FTS 4:2 FTS ng/mL 292 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.0463 6.2% 0.0372 ng/mL
5:3 FTCA 5:3 FTCA ng/mL 292 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.7% 0.0500 ng/mL
6:2 diPAP 6:2 diPAP ng/mL 277 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.5% 0.0645 ng/mL
6:2 FTCA 6:2 FTCA ng/mL 292 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.250 ng/mL
6:2 FTS 6:2 FTS ng/mL 240 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.781 20.8% 0.188 ng/mL
6:2 FTUCA 6:2 FTUCA ng/mL 292 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0243 ng/mL
6:6 PFPiA 6:6 PFPiA ng/mL 292 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0429 ng/mL
7:3 FTCA 7:3 FTCA ng/mL 291 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 4.8% 0.0622 ng/mL
8:2 diPAP 8:2 diPAP ng/mL 291 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.250 ng/ml
8:2 FTCA 8:2 FTCA ng/mL 292 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.250 ng/mL
8:2 FTS 8:2 FTS ng/mL 290 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.4% 0.0500 ng/mL
8:2 FTUCA 8:2 FTUCA ng/mL 292 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.3% 0.0280 ng/mL
Et-PFOSA-AcOH Et-PFOSA-AcOH ng/mL 292 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.0179 0.0398 35.6% 0.0131 ng/mL
Me-PFOSA-AcOH Me-PFOSA-AcOH ng/mL 292 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.107 0.287 45.5% 0.0638 ng/mL
PFBA PFBA ng/mL 292 0.0577 0.0550 0.0606 <LOD 0.0594 0.0770 0.121 65.8% 0.0500 ng/mL
PFBS PFBS ng/mL 292 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.0119 0.0283 25.0% 0.0140 ng/mL
PFDA PFDA ng/mL 292 0.213 0.196 0.231 0.135 0.189 0.320 0.752 99.0% 0.0542 ng/mL
PFDoA PFDoA ng/mL 292 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.0854 16.4% 0.0500 ng/mL
PFDS PFDS ng/mL 292 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.0308 5.8% 0.0274 ng/mL
PFHpA PFHpA ng/mL 292 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.103 24.0% 0.0500 ng/ml
PFHxA PFHxA ng/mL 292 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.0925 5.5% 0.0818 ng/mL
PFHxPA PFHxPA ng/mL 292 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0500 ng/mL
PFHxS PFHxS ng/mL 292 0.743 0.690 0.800 0.496 0.720 1.00 2.66 100% 0.0195 ng/ml
PFNA PFNA ng/mL 292 0.542 0.509 0.578 0.372 0.527 0.774 1.39 100% 0.0487 ng/mL
PFOA PFOA ng/mL 292 1.01 0.942 1.09 0.631 1.02 1.55 2.88 100% 0.0539 ng/mL
PFOS PFOS ng/mL 292 3.10 2.88 3.33 2.05 3.09 4.41 9.07 100% 0.316 ng/mL
PFOSA PFOSA ng/mL 292 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.4% 0.0173 ng/mL
PFPeA PFPeA ng/mL 292 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.0255 6.5% 0.0235 ng/mL
PFUnDA PFUnDA ng/mL 292 0.129 0.115 0.145 0.0646 0.118 0.275 0.726 81.2% 0.0481 ng/mL

Project: Measuring Analytes in Maternal Archived Samples (MAMAS) – MAMAS 3

Drawing of a pregnant individual
  • Study Group Subset: Subsample 2

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
4:2 FTS 4:2 FTS ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0372 ng/mL
5:3 FTCA 5:3 FTCA ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 7.3% 0.0500 ng/mL
6:2 diPAP 6:2 diPAP ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0645 ng/mL
6:2 FTCA 6:2 FTCA ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 4.2% 0.250 ng/mL
6:2 FTS 6:2 FTS ng/mL 87 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.188 ng/mL
6:6 PFPiA 6:6 PFPiA ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0429 ng/mL
6:8 PFPiA 6:8 PFPiA ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.0% 0.198 ng/mL
7:3 FTCA 7:3 FTCA ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0622 ng/mL
8:2 diPAP 8:2 diPAP ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.250 ng/mL
8:2 FTCA 8:2 FTCA ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.250 ng/mL
8:2 FTS 8:2 FTS ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.1% 0.0500 ng/mL
8:2 FTUCA 8:2 FTUCA ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0280 ng/mL
Et-PFOSA-AcOH Et-PFOSA-AcOH ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.0136 11.5% 0.0131 ng/mL
Me-PFOSA-AcOH Me-PFOSA-AcOH ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 22.9% 0.0638 ng/mL
PFBA PFBA ng/mL 96 0.0760 0.0697 0.0828 0.0645 0.0845 0.0990 0.117 82.3% 0.0500 ng/mL
PFBS PFBS ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 7.3% 0.0140 ng/mL
PFDA PFDA ng/mL 96 0.187 0.160 0.220 0.109 0.169 0.285 0.613 99.0% 0.0542 ng/mL
PFDoA PFDoA ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.0741 17.7% 0.0500 ng/mL
PFDS PFDS ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 6.3% 0.0274 ng/mL
PFHpA PFHpA ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.1% 0.0107 ng/mL
PFHxA PFHxA ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.108 ng/mL
PFHxPA PFHxPA ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0500 ng/mL
PFHxS PFHxS ng/mL 96 0.416 0.366 0.473 0.272 0.386 0.606 0.951 100% 0.0472 ng/mL
PFNA PFNA ng/mL 96 0.406 0.360 0.457 0.263 0.426 0.564 0.830 100% 0.0767 ng/mL
PFOA PFOA ng/mL 96 0.892 0.783 1.02 0.604 0.895 1.29 2.00 100% 0.0539 ng/mL
PFOPA PFOPA ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0500 ng/mL
PFOS PFOS ng/mL 96 2.39 2.08 2.75 1.47 2.47 3.56 5.42 100% 0.316 ng/mL
PFOSA PFOSA ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0173 ng/mL
PFPeA PFPeA ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 5.2% 0.0235 ng/mL
PFUnDA PFUnDA ng/mL 96 0.121 0.0990 0.147 0.0584 0.108 0.215 0.532 79.2% 0.0481 ng/mL

Chemical Group: Phthalates

  • Measured in: Urine

Project: Biomonitoring Exposures Study (BEST) - 1.Pilot

Diverse group of smiling adults

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
MBzP Benzylbutyl phthalate (BzBP) µg/L 109 7.49 5.99 9.36 3.65 7.27 18.6 41.9 100% 0.250 µg/L
MCHP Dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP) µg/L 109 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.83% 0.500 µg/L
MCPP Di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP) µg/L 109 1.88 1.52 2.32 1.03 1.64 3.41 14.6 100% 0.125 µg/L
MECPP Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) µg/L 109 12.1 10.0 14.7 7.10 11.7 20.0 51.7 100% 0.500 µg/L
MEP Diethyl phthalate (DEP) µg/L 109 57.1 45.2 72.1 25.5 52.1 103 584 97.2% 8.00 µg/L
MnBP Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), Benzylbutyl phthalate (BzBP) µg/L 109 19.0 16.1 22.4 11.7 18.5 31.6 73.5 98.2% 2.00 µg/L

Project: Biomonitoring Exposures Study (BEST) - 2.Expanded

Diverse group of smiling adults

Weighted Results

10000 10000
Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
MBzP Benzylbutyl phthalate (BzBP) µg/L 218 5.20 4.09 6.61 2.82 5.57 9.44 25.6 100% 0.200 µg/L ●
MBzP Benzylbutyl phthalate (BzBP) µg/g creatinine 218 5.69 4.81 6.72 3.36 5.86 9.05 22.3 100% 0.200 µg/L ●
MCHP Dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP) µg/L 218 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD <0.1% 0.100 µg/L ●
MCHP Dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP) µg/g creatinine 218 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD <0.1% 0.100 µg/L ●
MCPP Di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP) µg/L 218 2.01 1.57 2.58 0.943 2.30 4.40 16.0 >99.9% 0.100 µg/L ●
MCPP Di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP) µg/g creatinine 218 2.20 1.79 2.71 1.17 1.87 3.54 15.2 >99.9% 0.100 µg/L ●
MECPP Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) µg/L 218 9.62 7.62 12.1 5.35 11.0 20.5 47.9 100% 0.190 µg/L ●
MECPP Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) µg/g creatinine 218 10.52 9.01 12.3 6.81 10.5 16.9 36.1 100% 0.190 µg/L ●
MEHHP Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) µg/L 218 6.05 4.67 7.83 2.70 7.17 12.7 31.9 >99.9% 0.190 µg/L ●
MEHHP Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) µg/g creatinine 218 6.61 5.50 7.94 4.33 6.75 10.4 19.6 >99.9% 0.190 µg/L ●
MEHP Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) µg/L 218 1.89 1.38 2.59 0.857 2.28 5.21 13.3 89.9% 0.190 µg/L ●
MEHP Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) µg/g creatinine 218 2.07 1.63 2.62 0.936 2.16 4.24 12.9 89.9% 0.190 µg/L ●
MEOHP Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) µg/L 218 4.49 3.43 5.87 2.37 4.87 8.27 35.0 >99.9% 0.100 µg/L ●
MEOHP Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) µg/g creatinine 218 4.91 4.02 6.00 3.00 4.96 7.06 21.5 >99.9% 0.100 µg/L ●
MEP Diethyl phthalate (DEP) µg/L 218 52.6 38.5 72.0 20.7 43.0 118 930 100% 0.460 µg/L ●
MEP Diethyl phthalate (DEP) µg/g creatinine 218 57.5 44.3 74.6 23.9 46.2 120 534 100% 0.460 µg/L ●
MIBP Di-isobutyl phthalate (DIBP) µg/L 218 6.88 5.70 8.32 3.84 6.35 12.2 25.4 93.3% 1.60 µg/L ●
MIBP Di-isobutyl phthalate (DIBP) µg/g creatinine 218 7.52 6.50 8.72 4.91 7.22 11.5 27.5 93.3% 1.60 µg/L ●
MnBP Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), Benzylbutyl phthalate (BzBP) µg/L 218 13.8 11.0 17.4 7.75 15.7 25.4 69.9 96.8% 0.910 µg/L ●
MnBP Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), Benzylbutyl phthalate (BzBP) µg/g creatinine 218 15.1 12.9 17.7 8.67 15.4 22.5 51.8 96.8% 0.910 µg/L ●

Project: Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas (CHAMACOS)

Chamacos logo shows a drawing of a sun with a face on it, and beneath this, a scroll with the word "chamacos"
  • Study Group Subset: Children

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
MEP Diethyl phthalate (DEP) μg/L 49 85 63.1 115 41.3 70.0 211 403 100% 8.0
MnBP Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), Benzylbutyl phthalate (BzBP) μg/L 49 46.9 37.0 59.4 26.8 49.0 75.2 115 100% 2.0

Project: Firefighter Occupational Exposures (FOX) Project

Firefighters fighting flames, wearing full protective suits and holding large hoses spraying water
  • Study Group Subset: Firefighters

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
MBzP Benzylbutyl phthalate (BzBP) μg/L 101 8.18 6.56 10.2 3.93 7.76 14.9 41.3 100% 0.25
MCHP Dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP) μg/L 101 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 4.0% 0.50
MCPP Di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP) μg/L 101 1.88 1.46 2.42 0.819 1.69 4.07 21.1 98.0% 0.125
MECPP Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) μg/L 101 12.3 10.1 14.9 5.89 12.4 23.2 58.3 100% 0.50
MEP Diethyl phthalate (DEP) μg/L 101 52.9 38.1 73.4 20.6 46.6 168 740 79.2% 8.0
MnBP Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), Benzylbutyl phthalate (BzBP) μg/L 101 10.6 8.83 12.8 5.69 10.6 20.2 40.6 97.0% 2.0

Project: Markers of Autism Risk in Babies–Learning Early Signs (MARBLES)

Study logo shows a circular image of two parents with an infant cradled between them
  • Study Group Subset: Pregnant women_measurement 1

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 10000 90th
MEP Diethyl phthalate (DEP) μg/L 15 62.4 32.2 121 -- 52.6 -- -- 100% 8.0
MnBP Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), Benzylbutyl phthalate (BzBP) μg/L 15 21.9 14.4 33.5 -- 21.3 -- -- 100% 2.0
  • Study Group Subset: Pregnant women_measurement 2

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
MEP Diethyl phthalate (DEP) μg/L 13 65.1 26.0 163 -- 31.5 -- -- 100% 8.0
MnBP Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), Benzylbutyl phthalate (BzBP) μg/L 13 21.1 10.8 41.2 -- 23.2 -- -- 100% 2.0

Project: Maternal and Infant Environmental Exposure Project (MIEEP)

Pregnant woman seated in front of a laptop computer
  • Study Group Subset: Pregnant women

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
MBzP Benzylbutyl phthalate (BzBP) μg/L 89 7.73 5.84 10.2 2.72 6.54 18.4 53.4 0.25
MCHP Dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP) μg/L 89 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.50
MCPP Di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP) μg/L 89 0.87 0.72 1.05 0.48 0.75 1.2 2.8 0.125
MECPP Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) μg/L 89 17.1 13.5 21.7 8.09 14.6 29.4 68.8 0.50
MEP Diethyl phthalate (DEP) μg/L 89 95.5 69.3 132 34.7 103 254 679 8.0
MnBP Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), Benzylbutyl phthalate (BzBP) μg/L 89 16.3 13.0 20.5 6.59 16.2 34.2 60.8 2.0

Chemical Group: Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs)

  • Measured in: Serum

Project: Biomonitoring Exposures Study (BEST) - 1.Pilot

Diverse group of smiling adults

Unweighted Results

10000
Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
BDE 017 BDE 17 ng/g lipid 110 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.8% 0.003 ng/mL
BDE 028 BDE 28 ng/g lipid 110 1.81 1.52 2.16 1.02 1.64 2.63 10.2 91.8% 0.003 ng/mL
BDE 047 BDE 47 ng/g lipid 110 25.8 21.0 31.6 12.3 26.9 43.2 134 99.1% 0.023 ng/mL
BDE 066 BDE 66 ng/g lipid 110 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.02 9.1% 0.004 ng/mL
BDE 085 BDE 85 ng/g lipid 110 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 3.49 20.0% 0.004 ng/mL
BDE 099 BDE 99 ng/g lipid 110 4.75 3.85 5.85 2.08 4.30 8.36 54.7 80.9% 0.012 ng/mL
BDE 100 BDE 100 ng/g lipid 110 4.02 3.24 4.98 2.07 3.72 6.75 39.1 89.1% 0.006 ng/mL
BDE 153 BDE 153 ng/g lipid 110 13.9 11.6 16.8 7.08 12.5 24.6 98.4 99.1% 0.008 ng/mL
BDE 154 BDE 154 ng/g lipid 110 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 5.12 17.3% 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 183 BDE 183 ng/g lipid 110 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 3.6% 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 197 BDE 197 ng/g lipid 110 * * * <LOD <LOD 1.76 4.38 42.7% 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 201 BDE 201 ng/g lipid 110 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 4.5% 0.006 ng/mL
BDE 202 BDE 202 ng/g lipid 110 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.9% 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 203 BDE 203 ng/g lipid 110 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.9% 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 206 BDE 206 ng/g lipid 110 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 4.5% 0.009 ng/mL
BDE 207 BDE 207 ng/g lipid 110 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.57 18.2% 0.011 ng/mL
BDE 208 BDE 208 ng/g lipid 110 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.7% 0.010 ng/mL
BDE 209 BDE 209 ng/g lipid 110 * * * <LOD <LOD 5.65 15.5 38.2% 0.030 ng/mL

Project: Biomonitoring Exposures Study (BEST) - 2.Expanded

Diverse group of smiling adults

Weighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
BDE 017 BDE 17 ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.00770 ng/mL ♦ *
BDE 028 BDE 28 ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD <LOD 2.61 5.04 47.4% 0.00800 ng/mL ♦
BDE 047 BDE 47 ng/g lipid 217 20.8 17.2 25.2 9.64 22.0 42.8 108 99.2% 0.0165 ng/mL ♦
BDE 066 BDE 66 ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.6% 0.00800 ng/mL ♦
BDE 085 BDE 85 ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.94 9.7% 0.00800 ng/mL ♦
BDE 099 BDE 99 ng/g lipid 217 4.35 3.57 5.3 2.06 3.97 9.65 22.6 88.1% 0.00898 ng/mL ♦
BDE 100 BDE 100 ng/g lipid 217 4.21 3.44 5.14 1.67 4.18 9.14 23.6 84.9% 0.00800 ng/mL ♦
BDE 153 BDE 153 ng/g lipid 217 11.3 9.29 13.7 6.43 10.0 16.8 83.0 94.6% 0.0160 ng/mL ♦
BDE 154 BDE 154 ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.3% 0.0160 ng/mL ♦
BDE 183 BDE 183 ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.9% 0.0160 ng/mL ♦
BDE 197 BDE 197 ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 3.53 7.4% 0.0160 ng/mL ♦
BDE 201 BDE 201 ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.3% 0.0160 ng/mL ♦
BDE 202 BDE 202 ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.3% 0.0160 ng/mL ♦
BDE 203 BDE 203 ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.3% 0.0160 ng/mL ♦
BDE 206 BDE 206 ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.4% 0.0200 ng/mL ♦
BDE 207 BDE 207 ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 3.9% 0.0200 ng/mL ♦
BDE 208 BDE 208 ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.4% 0.0200 ng/mL ♦
BDE 209 BDE 209 ng/g lipid 190 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.4% 0.257 ng/mL ♦

Project: California Childhood Leukemia Study (CCLS)

California Childhood Leukemia Study (CCLS) Thumbnail logo shows three young bears in yellow color standing in a row holding hands

Unweighted Results

10000
Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
BDE 047 BDE 47 ng/g lipid 48 43 33 56 23 35 68 110 98% 0.074 ng/mL
BDE 099 BDE 99 ng/g lipid 48 11 8.5 14 6.5 10.1 12.7 25 100% 0.018 ng/mL
BDE 100 BDE 100 ng/g lipid 48 12 10 15 8.0 10 15 22 100% 0.015 ng/mL
BDE 153 BDE 153 ng/g lipid 48 10 7.6 14 5.0 8.9 16 46 96% 0.015 ng/mL
BDE 154 BDE 154 ng/g lipid 48 * * * <LOD <LOD 3.6 5.7 48% 0.015 ng/mL

Project: California Teachers Study (CTS)

CTS Logo

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
BDE 017 BDE 17 ng/g lipid 1980 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.2% 0.006 ng/mL
BDE 028 BDE 28 ng/g lipid 1980 * * * <LOD <LOD 1.96 4.73 42.9% 0.008 ng/mL
BDE 047 BDE 47 ng/g lipid 1980 14.1 13.6 14.7 7.22 13.1 25.3 73.5 86.4% 0.024 ng/mL
BDE 066 BDE 66 ng/g lipid 1980 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.05% 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 085 BDE 85 ng/g lipid 1980 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.87 7.8% 0.002 ng/mL
BDE 099 BDE 99 ng/g lipid 1980 * * * <LOD <LOD 5 16 44.3% 0.018 ng/mL
BDE 100 BDE 100 ng/g lipid 1980 2.62 2.5 2.73 1.19 2.31 4.71 15.7 75.9% 0.004 ng/mL
BDE 153 BDE 153 ng/g lipid 1980 5.6 5.34 5.85 2.66 4.75 9.48 43.1 77% 0.009 ng/mL
BDE 154 BDE 154 ng/g lipid 1980 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 3.9% 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 183 BDE 183 ng/g lipid 1980 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.7% 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 197 BDE 197 ng/g lipid 1980 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 3.58 8.4% 0.005 ng/mL
BDE 201 BDE 201 ng/g lipid 1980 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.5% 0.005 ng/mL
BDE 202 BDE 202 ng/g lipid 1980 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.9% 0.005 ng/mL
BDE 203 BDE 203 ng/g lipid 1980 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.1% 0.005 ng/mL
BDE 206 BDE 206 ng/g lipid 1862 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 3.3% 0.004 ng/mL
BDE 207 BDE 207 ng/g lipid 1857 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 4.56 9.3% 0.006 ng/mL
BDE 208 BDE 208 ng/g lipid 1814 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 3.7% 0.003 ng/mL
BDE 209 BDE 209 ng/g lipid 1797 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 33.3 8.7% 0.053 ng/mL

Project: Firefighter Occupational Exposures (FOX) Project

Firefighters fighting flames, wearing full protective suits and holding large hoses spraying water
  • Study Group Subset: Firefighters

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
BDE 017 BDE 17 ng/g lipid 101 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.0% 0.003 ng/mL
BDE 028 BDE 28 ng/g lipid 101 1.70 1.50 1.93 1.17 1.63 2.38 5.09 97.0% 0.003 ng/mL
BDE 047 BDE 47 ng/g lipid 101 32.2 27.8 37.5 19.3 29.9 47.9 150 99.0% 0.038 ng/mL
BDE 066 BDE 66 ng/g lipid 101 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.635 5.9% 0.003 ng/mL
BDE 085 BDE 85 ng/g lipid 101 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.655 1.82 34.7% 0.003 ng/mL
BDE 099 BDE 99 ng/g lipid 101 6.19 5.35 7.17 3.54 5.79 9.12 22.6 90.1% 0.017 ng/mL
BDE 100 BDE 100 ng/g lipid 101 5.68 4.77 6.75 3.31 5.14 8.14 32.7 98.0% 0.005 ng/mL
BDE 153 BDE 153 ng/g lipid 101 15.4 12.9 18.2 9.01 12.9 21.1 63.1 100% 0.005 ng/mL
BDE 154 BDE 154 ng/g lipid 101 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.71 19.8% 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 183 BDE 183 ng/g lipid 101 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 5.0% 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 197 BDE 197 ng/g lipid 101 * * * <LOD 1.25 1.93 3.84 62.4% 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 201 BDE 201 ng/g lipid 101 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 5.0% 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 202 BDE 202 ng/g lipid 101 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.0% 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 203 BDE 203 ng/g lipid 101 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.0% 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 206 BDE 206 ng/g lipid 101 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.99 11.9% 0.009 ng/mL
BDE 207 BDE 207 ng/g lipid 101 * * * <LOD 1.31 1.72 4.53 50.5% 0.009 ng/mL
BDE 208 BDE 208 ng/g lipid 101 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.59 7.9% 0.009 ng/mL
BDE 209 BDE 209 ng/g lipid 101 * * * <LOD <LOD 28.3 93.7 28.7% 0.150 ng/mL

Project: Maternal and Infant Environmental Exposure Project (MIEEP)

Pregnant woman seated in front of a laptop computer
  • Study Group Subset: Pregnant women

Unweighted Results

10000
Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
BDE 017 BDE 17 ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.005 ng/mL
BDE 028 BDE 28 ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.75 1.6 0.005 ng/mL
BDE 047 BDE 47 ng/g lipid 77 9.56 7.54 12.1 4.67 8.34 16.0 33.0 0.023 ng/mL
BDE 066 BDE 66 ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.005 ng/mL
BDE 085 BDE 85 ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.005 ng/mL
BDE 099 BDE 99 ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD 2.74 5.02 9.92 0.019 ng/mL
BDE 100 BDE 100 ng/g lipid 77 2.17 1.70 2.77 0.960 1.96 3.95 8.11 0.005 ng/mL
BDE 153 BDE 153 ng/g lipid 77 2.64 2.01 3.47 0.980 1.94 7.66 14.9 0.005 ng/mL
BDE 154 BDE 154 ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 183 BDE 183 ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 197 BDE 197 ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.93 1.5 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 201 BDE 201 ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 202 BDE 202 ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 203 BDE 203 ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 206 BDE 206 ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.009 ng/mL
BDE 207 BDE 207 ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.07 0.009 ng/mL
BDE 208 BDE 208 ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.009 ng/mL
BDE 209 BDE 209 ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD 5.41 9.31 13.5 0.045 ng/mL

Project: Measuring Analytes in Maternal Archived Samples (MAMAS) – MAMAS 1

Drawing of a pregnant person
  • Study Group Subset: Subsample 1

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
BDE 017 BDE 17 ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0107 ng/mL
BDE 028 BDE 28 ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 3.4% 0.0107 ng/mL
BDE 047 BDE 47 ng/g lipid 58 13.7 11.1 16.8 6.57 13.9 22.8 38.7 75.9% 0.0427 ng/mL
BDE 066 BDE 66 ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0107 ng/mL
BDE 085 BDE 85 ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0107 ng/mL
BDE 099 BDE 99 ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD 6.86 17.7 43.1% 0.0233 ng/mL
BDE 100 BDE 100 ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD 2.57 5.04 12.4 62.1% 0.0107 ng/mL
BDE 153 BDE 153 ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD 6.05 10.9 22.2 63.8% 0.0233 ng/mL
BDE 154 BDE 154 ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0233 ng/mL

Project: Measuring Analytes in Maternal Archived Samples (MAMAS) – MAMAS 2

Drawing of a pregnant individual
  • Study Group Subset: Subsample 1

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units 10000 Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
BDE 017 BDE 17 ng/g lipid 245 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.0% 0.0160 ng/mL
BDE 028 BDE 28 ng/g lipid 245 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.9% 0.0160 ng/mL
BDE 047 BDE 47 ng/g lipid 245 * * * <LOD <LOD 13.6 33.4 46.5% 0.0640 ng/mL
BDE 066 BDE 66 ng/g lipid 245 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.2% 0.0160 ng/mL
BDE 085 BDE 85 ng/g lipid 245 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.6% 0.0160 ng/mL
BDE 099 BDE 99 ng/g lipid 245 * * * <LOD <LOD 4.97 11.5 26.9% 0.0350 ng/mL
BDE 100 BDE 100 ng/g lipid 245 * * * <LOD <LOD 3.59 8.99 46.5% 0.0160 ng/mL
BDE 153 BDE 153 ng/g lipid 245 * * * <LOD 6.68 11.3 25.2 58.4% 0.0320 ng/mL
BDE 154 BDE 154 ng/g lipid 245 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.0% 0.0320 ng/mL
BDE 183 BDE 183 ng/g lipid 245 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.2% 0.0320 ng/mL
BDE 197 BDE 197 ng/g lipid 245 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 3.3% 0.0320 ng/mL
BDE 201 BDE 201 ng/g lipid 245 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.2% 0.0320 ng/mL
BDE 202 BDE 202 ng/g lipid 245 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.2% 0.0320 ng/mL
BDE 203 BDE 203 ng/g lipid 245 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.6% 0.0320 ng/mL
BDE 206 BDE 206 ng/g lipid 245 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.2% 0.0400 ng/mL
BDE 207 BDE 207 ng/g lipid 245 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.9% 0.0400 ng/mL
BDE 208 BDE 208 ng/g lipid 245 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.6% 0.0400 ng/mL
BDE 209 BDE 209 ng/g lipid 245 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.0% 0.300 ng/mL

Project: Measuring Analytes in Maternal Archived Samples (MAMAS) – MAMAS 3

Drawing of a pregnant individual
  • Study Group Subset: Subsample 1

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
BDE 017 BDE 17 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0160 ng/mL
BDE 028 BDE 28 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0160 ng/mL
BDE 047 BDE 47 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD 4.05 8.30 34.8% 0.0240 ng/mL
BDE 066 BDE 66 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0160 ng/mL
BDE 085 BDE 85 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0160 ng/mL
BDE 099 BDE 99 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 4.80 11.7% 0.0220 ng/mL
BDE 100 BDE 100 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.66 5.4% 0.0160 ng/mL
BDE 153 BDE 153 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 13.8 24.5% 0.0320 ng/mL
BDE 154 BDE 154 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0320 ng/mL
BDE 183 BDE 183 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0320 ng/mL
BDE 197 BDE 197 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.5% 0.0320 ng/mL
BDE 201 BDE 201 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0320 ng/mL
BDE 202 BDE 202 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0320 ng/mL
BDE 203 BDE 203 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0320 ng/mL
BDE 206 BDE 206 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.5% 0.0400 ng/mL
BDE 207 BDE 207 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.0% 0.0400 ng/mL
BDE 208 BDE 208 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.5% 0.0400 ng/mL
BDE 209 BDE 209 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.5% 0.300 ng/mL

Chemical Group: Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)

  • Measured in: Serum

Project: Biomonitoring Exposures Study (BEST) - 1.Pilot

Diverse group of smiling adults

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
PCB 066 PCB 066 ng/g lipid 110 * * * <LOD <LOD 1.45 2.84 38.2% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 074 PCB 074 ng/g lipid 110 3.63 3.12 4.23 1.91 3.27 7.18 13.1 92.7% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 099 PCB 099 ng/g lipid 110 2.89 2.49 3.36 1.61 2.81 4.31 11.9 85.5% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 101 PCB 101 ng/g lipid 110 * * * <LOD <LOD 1.36 2.34 28.2% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 105 PCB 105 ng/g lipid 110 * * * <LOD <LOD 1.73 4.54 41.8% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 118 PCB 118 ng/g lipid 110 4.84 4.10 5.71 2.43 4.14 8.48 19.8 96.4% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 138 PCB 138 ng/g lipid 110 9.60 8.11 11.4 5.18 9.81 16.7 43.4 98.2% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 153 PCB 153 ng/g lipid 110 22.0 18.5 26.1 12.8 24.7 40.5 99.0 99.1% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 156 PCB 156 ng/g lipid 110 3.48 2.99 4.06 1.85 3.66 5.69 13.7 85.5% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 170 PCB 170 ng/g lipid 110 6.30 5.36 7.40 3.99 6.85 11.9 23.2 92.7% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 180 PCB 180 ng/g lipid 110 21.8 18.2 26.2 13.8 25.7 41.9 79.6 99.1% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 183 PCB 183 ng/g lipid 110 2.00 1.75 2.29 <LOD 1.90 3.26 8.51 66.4% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 187 PCB 187 ng/g lipid 110 6.38 5.37 7.58 3.60 6.90 11.7 25.0 91.8% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 194 PCB 194 ng/g lipid 110 5.24 4.45 6.17 2.96 5.50 9.87 19.2 89.1% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 203 PCB 203 ng/g lipid 110 3.15 2.71 3.66 1.55 3.41 5.35 10.8 81.8% 0.00800 ng/mL

Project: Biomonitoring Exposures Study (BEST) - 2.Expanded

Diverse group of smiling adults

Weighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
PCB 066 PCB 066 ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.94 9.7% 0.00800 ng/mL ♦
PCB 074 PCB 074 ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD <LOD 4.27 11.6 47.1% 0.00800 ng/mL ♦
PCB 099 PCB 099 ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD 1.61 3.10 8.05 58.0% 0.00800 ng/mL ♦
PCB 101 PCB 101 ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 3.5% 0.00800 ng/mL ♦
PCB 105 PCB 105 ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 3.47 18.9% 0.00800 ng/mL ♦
PCB 118 PCB 118 ng/g lipid 217 2.85 2.34 3.46 1.29 2.52 4.78 13.4 77.5% 0.00800 ng/mL ♦
PCB 138 PCB 138 ng/g lipid 217 5.11 4.08 6.39 2.32 4.32 10.6 25.6 93.1% 0.00800 ng/mL ♦
PCB 153 PCB 153 ng/g lipid 217 10.1 7.88 12.8 4.00 9.18 26.2 56.5 99.7% 0.00800 ng/mL ♦
PCB 156 PCB 156 ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD 1.53 3.45 7.94 52.6% 0.00800 ng/mL ♦
PCB 170 PCB 170 ng/g lipid 217 3.49 2.82 4.32 <LOD 3.50 8.88 16.1 71.7% 0.00800 ng/mL ♦
PCB 180 PCB 180 ng/g lipid 217 9.42 7.26 12.2 3.07 9.40 29.3 54.0 97.7% 0.00800 ng/mL ♦
PCB 183 PCB 183 ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD <LOD 2.67 5.13 43.7% 0.00800 ng/mL ♦
PCB 187 PCB 187 ng/g lipid 217 3.14 2.55 3.88 <LOD 2.96 8.63 16.3 69.4% 0.00800 ng/mL ♦
PCB 194 PCB 194 ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD 2.08 5.33 11.9 58.8% 0.00800 ng/mL ♦
PCB 203 PCB 203 ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD 2.33 5.57 11.5 61.5% 0.00800 ng/mL ♦

Project: California Childhood Leukemia Study (CCLS)

California Childhood Leukemia Study (CCLS) Thumbnail logo shows three young bears in yellow color standing in a row holding hands

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
PCB 028 PCB 28 ng/g lipid 48 4.1 3.6 4.7 <LOD 3.6 4.3 6.8 100% 0.010 ng/mL
PCB 066 PCB 66 ng/g lipid 48 2.2 1.9 2.4 1.7 2.3 2.9 3.4 85% 0.010 ng/mL
PCB 074 PCB 74 ng/g lipid 48 3.0 2.7 3.3 2.4 3.2 3.8 4.2 98% 0.010 ng/mL
PCB 099 PCB 99 ng/g lipid 48 2.7 2.5 3.1 2.2 3.0 3.5 4.3 90% 0.010 ng/mL
PCB 101 PCB 101 ng/g lipid 48 1.7 1.5 1.9 <LOD 1.8 2.3 2.9 65% 0.010 ng/mL
PCB 105 PCB 105 ng/g lipid 48 1.9 1.7 2.1 <LOD 2.0 2.5 2.7 73% 0.010 ng/mL
PCB 118 PCB 118 ng/g lipid 48 4.0 3.7 4.5 3.2 4.0 5.4 6.7 100% 0.010 ng/mL
PCB 138 PCB 138 ng/g lipid 48 6.8 5.9 7.9 4.8 6.4 9.4 14 100% 0.010 ng/mL
PCB 153 PCB 153 ng/g lipid 48 11 8.9 13 6.5 9.7 17 28 100% 0.010 ng/mL
PCB 156 PCB 156 ng/g lipid 48 2.6 2.3 2.9 1.9 2.5 3.4 4.1 94% 0.010 ng/mL
PCB 167 PCB 167 ng/g lipid 48 * * * <LOD 1.6 2.1 2.3 60% 0.010 ng/mL
PCB 170 PCB 170 ng/g lipid 48 4.6 4.0 5.3 3.2 4.4 6.6 9.9 100% 0.010 ng/mL
PCB 180 PCB 180 ng/g lipid 48 10 8.4 12 6.1 9.3 15 25 100% 0.010 ng/mL
PCB 183 PCB 183 ng/g lipid 48 2.2 2.0 2.5 1.6 2.4 2.8 3.3 81% 0.011 ng/mL
PCB 187 PCB 187 ng/g lipid 48 3.5 3.1 4.1 2.5 3.4 4.6 7.2 100% 0.010 ng/mL
PCB 194 PCB 194 ng/g lipid 48 3.1 2.8 3.5 2.3 3.2 4.2 5.4 100% 0.010 ng/mL
PCB 203 PCB 203 ng/g lipid 48 3.0 2.7 3.3 2.2 3.1 4.0 5.3 100% 0.010 ng/mL

Project: California Teachers Study (CTS)

CTS Logo

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
PCB 066 PCB 66 ng/g lipid 793 * * * <LOD <LOD 1.68 3.07 39.8% 0.015 ng/mL
PCB 074 PCB 74 ng/g lipid 793 5.96 5.67 6.26 3.84 6.43 9.53 17.7 96.5% 0.015 ng/mL
PCB 099 PCB 99 ng/g lipid 793 3.11 2.97 3.27 2.01 3.07 4.82 9.73 90.4% 0.015 ng/mL
PCB 101 PCB 101 ng/g lipid 793 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 3.3% 0.015 ng/mL
PCB 105 PCB 105 ng/g lipid 793 * * * <LOD 1.46 2.02 4.39 53% 0.015 ng/mL
PCB 118 PCB 118 ng/g lipid 793 6.5 6.18 6.83 4.09 6.41 10.4 22 99% 0.015 ng/mL
PCB 138 PCB 138 ng/g lipid 793 12.9 12.3 13.5 8.39 13.5 20.5 37.1 99.5% 0.015 ng/mL
PCB 153 PCB 153 ng/g lipid 793 28.7 27.5 30 19.5 30.1 43.6 72.9 100% 0.015 ng/mL
PCB 156 PCB 156 ng/g lipid 793 4.92 4.72 5.12 3.55 5.22 7.23 11.8 96.7% 0.015 ng/mL
PCB 170 PCB 170 ng/g lipid 793 9.18 8.82 9.55 6.68 9.68 13.5 20.7 99.4% 0.015 ng/mL
PCB 180 PCB 180 ng/g lipid 793 31.5 30.3 32.9 22.4 33.3 48.4 76.8 100% 0.015 ng/mL
PCB 183 PCB 183 ng/g lipid 793 2.37 2.27 2.47 1.65 2.4 3.5 5.98 82% 0.015 ng/mL
PCB 187 PCB 187 ng/g lipid 793 7.25 6.92 7.59 4.83 7.65 11.04 20.2 98.4% 0.015 ng/mL
PCB 194 PCB 194 ng/g lipid 793 7.52 7.23 7.83 5.37 7.83 11.09 17.88 99.6% 0.015 ng/mL
PCB 203 PCB 203 ng/g lipid 793 6.47 6.17 6.78 4.36 6.75 10.14 16.71 97.2% 0.015 ng/mL

Project: Firefighter Occupational Exposures (FOX) Project

Firefighters fighting flames, wearing full protective suits and holding large hoses spraying water
  • Study Group Subset: Firefighters

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
PCB 066 PCB 66 ng/g lipid 101 1.17 1.09 1.25 <LOD 1.19 1.41 1.88 74.3% 0.007 ng/mL
PCB 074 PCB 74 ng/g lipid 101 1.77 1.61 1.95 1.33 1.73 2.33 4.02 96.0% 0.005 ng/mL
PCB 099 PCB 99 ng/g lipid 101 1.76 1.61 1.93 1.34 1.74 2.32 3.65 98.0% 0.005 ng/mL
PCB 101 PCB 101 ng/g lipid 101 * * * <LOD 1.09 1.43 1.89 50.5% 0.008 ng/mL
PCB 105 PCB 105 ng/g lipid 101 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.848 1.25 45.5% 0.005 ng/mL
PCB 118 PCB 118 ng/g lipid 101 2.66 2.46 2.87 2.15 2.75 3.25 5.11 99.0% 0.006 ng/mL
PCB 138 PCB 138 ng/g lipid 101 5.53 4.98 6.15 3.55 5.54 8.04 11.9 100% 0.005 ng/mL
PCB 153 PCB 153 ng/g lipid 101 12.2 10.8 13.7 8.18 12.9 18.9 29.8 100% 0.005 ng/mL
PCB 156 PCB 156 ng/g lipid 101 1.84 1.61 2.09 1.21 1.88 3.09 5.23 88.1% 0.005 ng/mL
PCB 170 PCB 170 ng/g lipid 101 3.64 3.16 4.19 2.21 3.85 5.95 10.3 97.0% 0.005 ng/mL
PCB 180 PCB 180 ng/g lipid 101 13.4 11.7 15.4 8.44 14.7 22.4 37.7 100% 0.006 ng/mL
PCB 183 PCB 183 ng/g lipid 101 1.03 0.930 1.15 <LOD 1.04 1.51 2.33 67.3% 0.005 ng/mL
PCB 187 PCB 187 ng/g lipid 101 2.99 2.61 3.42 1.87 2.94 5.32 7.84 97.0% 0.005 ng/mL
PCB 194 PCB 194 ng/g lipid 101 3.37 2.89 3.93 1.91 3.38 6.04 11.4 98.0% 0.005 ng/mL
PCB 203 PCB 203 ng/g lipid 101 3.37 2.92 3.89 1.91 3.83 6.30 9.37 98.0% 0.005 ng/mL

Project: Maternal and Infant Environmental Exposure Project (MIEEP)

Pregnant woman seated in front of a laptop computer
  • Study Group Subset: Pregnant women

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
PCB 066 PCB 66 ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.009 ng/mL
PCB 074 PCB 74 ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.1 0.008 ng/mL
PCB 099 PCB 99 ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.23 0.014 ng/mL
PCB 101 PCB 101 ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.63 0.016 ng/mL
PCB 105 PCB 105 ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.010 ng/mL
PCB 118 PCB 118 ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD 2.02 2.97 0.014 ng/mL
PCB 138 PCB 138 ng/g lipid 77 1.94 1.69 2.22 1.29 1.90 2.63 4.15 0.006 ng/mL
PCB 153 PCB 153 ng/g lipid 77 2.98 2.57 3.46 1.95 3.02 4.29 6.59 0.011 ng/mL
PCB 156 PCB 156 ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.89 0.005 ng/mL
PCB 170 PCB 170 ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD 0.65 0.92 1.7 0.005 ng/mL
PCB 180 PCB 180 ng/g lipid 77 1.97 1.67 2.31 1.27 1.79 2.90 4.91 0.007 ng/mL
PCB 183 PCB 183 ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.012 ng/mL
PCB 187 PCB 187 ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD 1.2 1.7 0.009 ng/mL
PCB 194 PCB 194 ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.0 0.007 ng/mL
PCB 203 PCB 203 ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.88 1.4 0.007 ng/mL

Project: Measuring Analytes in Maternal Archived Samples (MAMAS) – MAMAS 1

Drawing of a pregnant person
  • Study Group Subset: Subsample 1

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
PCB 066 PCB 66 ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.00850 ng/mL
PCB 074 PCB 74 ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.992 15.5% 0.00417 ng/mL
PCB 099 PCB 99 ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD 1.14 1.69 27.6% 0.00733 ng/mL
PCB 101 PCB 101 ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0106 ng/mL
PCB 105 PCB 105 ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0107 ng/mL
PCB 118 PCB 118 ng/g lipid 58 1.42 1.25 1.62 <LOD 1.54 2.08 2.59 69.0% 0.00705 ng/mL
PCB 138 PCB 138 ng/g lipid 58 2.34 1.99 2.74 <LOD 2.37 3.43 5.47 67.2% 0.0107 ng/mL
PCB 153 PCB 153 ng/g lipid 58 3.16 2.59 3.85 2.05 3.01 5.20 8.05 91.4% 0.00679 ng/mL
PCB 156 PCB 156 ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 3.4% 0.0107 ng/mL
PCB 170 PCB 170 ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD 1.64 2.50 2.96 63.8% 0.00696 ng/mL
PCB 180 PCB 180 ng/g lipid 58 2.94 2.44 3.54 2.00 2.98 4.93 7.09 82.8% 0.00878 ng/mL
PCB 183 PCB 183 ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 6.9% 0.0107 ng/mL
PCB 187 PCB 187 ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.27 13.8% 0.0107 ng/mL
PCB 194 PCB 194 ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 8.6% 0.0107 ng/mL
PCB 203 PCB 203 ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.55 10.3% 0.0100 ng/mL

Project: Measuring Analytes in Maternal Archived Samples (MAMAS) – MAMAS 2

Drawing of a pregnant individual
  • Study Group Subset: Subsample 1

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
PCB 066 PCB 66 ng/g lipid 242 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.2% 0.0160 and 0.0180 ng/mL**
PCB 074 PCB 74 ng/g lipid 242 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.7% 0.0160 and 0.0180 ng/mL**
PCB 099 PCB 99 ng/g lipid 242 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 3.3% 0.0160 and 0.0180 ng/mL**
PCB 101 PCB 101 ng/g lipid 242 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.8% 0.0160 and 0.0180 ng/mL**
PCB 105 PCB 105 ng/g lipid 242 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.8% 0.0160 and 0.0180 ng/mL**
PCB 118 PCB 118 ng/g lipid 242 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 3.03 16.9% 0.0160 and 0.0180 ng/mL**
PCB 138 PCB 138 ng/g lipid 242 * * * <LOD 2.50 3.45 5.80 56.2% 0.0160 and 0.0180 ng/mL**
PCB 153 PCB 153 ng/g lipid 242 3.16 2.93 3.41 <LOD 2.89 4.41 8.25 65.3% 0.0160 and 0.0180 ng/mL**
PCB 156 PCB 156 ng/g lipid 242 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.1% 0.0160 and 0.0180 ng/mL**
PCB 170 PCB 170 ng/g lipid 242 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 3.64 18.2% 0.0160 and 0.0180 ng/mL**
PCB 180 PCB 180 ng/g lipid 242 * * * <LOD 2.66 4.04 8.43 59.9% 0.0160 and 0.0180 ng/mL**
PCB 183 PCB 183 ng/g lipid 242 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.1% 0.0160 and 0.0180 ng/mL**
PCB 187 PCB 187 ng/g lipid 242 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 3.29 11.6% 0.0160 and 0.0180 ng/mL**
PCB 194 PCB 194 ng/g lipid 242 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 5.0% 0.0160 and 0.0180 ng/mL**
PCB 203 PCB 203 ng/g lipid 242 * * * <LOD <LOD 2.69 4.35 26.9% 0.0173 and 0.0188 ng/mL**

Project: Measuring Analytes in Maternal Archived Samples (MAMAS) – MAMAS 3

Drawing of a pregnant individual
  • Study Group Subset: Subsample 1

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
PCB 066 PCB 66 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0160 ng/mL
PCB 074 PCB 74 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.0% 0.0160 ng/mL
PCB 099 PCB 99 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.0% 0.0160 ng/mL
PCB 101 PCB 101 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0160 ng/mL
PCB 105 PCB 105 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0160 ng/mL
PCB 118 PCB 118 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.0% 0.0160 ng/mL
PCB 138 PCB 138 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.80 8.3% 0.0160 ng/mL
PCB 153 PCB 153 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD 2.44 4.40 27.0% 0.0160 ng/mL
PCB 156 PCB 156 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.0% 0.0160 ng/mL
PCB 170 PCB 170 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.66 5.4% 0.0160 ng/mL
PCB 180 PCB 180 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD 3.44 6.90 44.6% 0.0160 ng/mL
PCB 183 PCB 183 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0160 ng/mL
PCB 187 PCB 187 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 4.4% 0.0160 ng/mL
PCB 194 PCB 194 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 3.4% 0.0160 ng/mL
PCB 203 PCB 203 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD 2.69 3.08 18.6% 0.0160 ng/mL

Chemical Group: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)

  • Measured in: Urine

Project: Biomonitoring Exposures Study (BEST) - 1.Pilot

Diverse group of smiling adults

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
1-NAP Naphthalene pg/mL 109 1,650 1,260 2,150 668 1,430 3,630 18,100 100.0% 25 pg/mL
1-PHEN Phenanthrene pg/mL 109 126 106 149 80.2 133 259 478 99.1% 10 pg/mL
1-PYR Pyrene pg/mL 109 93.0 75.1 115 49.3 88.1 177 665 88.1% 20 pg/mL
2-FLUO Fluorene pg/mL 109 246 198 305 121 232 387 2,290 100.0% 20 pg/mL
2-NAP Naphthalene pg/mL 109 4,290 3,450 5,340 1,950 4,190 10,200 25,000 100.0% 20 pg/mL
2-PHEN Phenanthrene pg/mL 109 39.1 33.6 45.5 24.4 41.8 70.3 119 93.6% 10 pg/mL
3-FLUO Fluorene pg/mL 109 124 97.9 157 54.2 103 227 1,580 95.4% 20 pg/mL
3-PHEN Phenanthrene pg/mL 109 57.4 47.8 68.9 31.7 53.1 117 285 96.3% 10 pg/mL
9-FLUO Fluorene pg/mL 109 323 268 389 184 312 607 1,940 99.1% 37 pg/mL

Project: Biomonitoring Exposures Study (BEST) - 2.Expanded

Diverse group of smiling adults

Weighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
1-NAP Naphthalene pg/mL 218 1,230 873 1,730 569 1,060 2,740 14,700 98.4% 25 pg/mL ●
1-NAP Naphthalene ng/g creatinine 218 1,340 983 1,840 567 948 2,530 18,100 98.4% 25 pg/mL ●
1-PHEN Phenanthrene pg/mL 218 104 84.4 129 69.9 106 179 521 97.9% 10 pg/mL ●
1-PHEN Phenanthrene ng/g creatinine 218 114 95.6 136 64.4 107 164 427 97.9% 10 pg/mL ●
1-PYR Pyrene pg/mL 218 105 83.0 134 56.8 102 205 497 90.5% 20 pg/mL ●
1-PYR Pyrene ng/g creatinine 218 115 93.9 141 62.6 104 151 909 90.5% 20 pg/mL ●
2-FLUO Fluorene pg/mL 218 201 164 245 118 209 325 922 98.4% 20 pg/mL ●
2-FLUO Fluorene ng/g creatinine 218 219 185 260 127 178 299 1,160 98.4% 20 pg/mL ●
2-NAP Naphthalene pg/mL 218 3,640 2,990 4,420 1,780 3,490 7,940 19,500 100% 20 pg/mL ●
2-NAP Naphthalene ng/g creatinine 218 3,980 3,330 4,750 1,920 3,740 6,820 19,900 100% 20 pg/mL ●
2-PHEN Phenanthrene pg/mL 218 35.0 29.0 42.1 21.1 39.0 55.7 164 91.2% 10 pg/mL ●
2-PHEN Phenanthrene ng/g creatinine 218 38.2 32.5 44.9 24.3 34.5 54.6 134 91.2% 10 pg/mL ●
3-FLUO Fluorene pg/mL 218 96.3 74.1 125 43.9 90.4 163 1150 89.8% 20 pg/mL ●
3-FLUO Fluorene ng/g creatinine 218 105 83.4 133 53.2 82.8 148 1,140 89.8% 20 pg/mL ●
3-PHEN Phenanthrene pg/mL 218 56.1 45.5 69.3 37.2 57.3 109 247 93.3% 10 pg/mL ●
3-PHEN Phenanthrene ng/g creatinine 218 61.4 51.3 73.4 34.5 56.2 78.3 468 93.3% 10 pg/mL ●
9-FLUO Fluorene pg/mL 218 274 217 344 143 271 507 2140 96.3% 37 pg/mL ●
9-FLUO Fluorene ng/g creatinine 218 299 246 363 156 266 478 1,890 96.3% 37 pg/mL ●

Project: Firefighter Occupational Exposures (FOX) Project

Firefighters fighting flames, wearing full protective suits and holding large hoses spraying water
  • Study Group Subset: Firefighters

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
1-NAP Naphthalene ng/L 101 1290 1030 1610 613 1300 2210 8270 100% 25.0
1-PHEN Phenanthrene ng/L 101 120 103 138 75.0 119 196 455 100% 10.0
1-PYR Pyrene ng/L 101 87.2 72.8 105 50.2 84.2 141 457 95.1% 20.0
2-FLUO Fluorene ng/L 101 172 149 198 98.4 185 297 510 100% 20.0
2-NAP Naphthalene ng/L 101 3190 2690 3770 2000 3060 4830 11300 100% 20.0
2-PHEN Phenanthrene ng/L 101 67.1 59.5 75.7 41.1 64.8 97.9 204 100% 10.0
3-FLUO Fluorene ng/L 101 83.5 70.5 98.9 44.8 85.8 148 365 96.0% 20.0
3-PHEN Phenanthrene ng/L 101 88.4 75.7 103 51.2 94.1 140 367 100% 10.0
9-FLUO Fluorene ng/L 101 278 236 327 162 279 453 1110 100% 37.0

Project: Maternal and Infant Environmental Exposure Project (MIEEP)

Pregnant woman seated in front of a laptop computer
  • Study Group Subset: Pregnant women

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
1-NAP Naphthalene ng/L 88 1020 800 1300 465 858 1940 4060 25.0
1-PHEN Phenanthrene ng/L 88 193 161 232 107 198 323 588 10.0
1-PYR Pyrene ng/L 88 186 153 227 88.2 211 334 598 20.0
2-FLUO Fluorene ng/L 88 192 157 235 96.0 188 311 529 20.0
2-NAP Naphthalene ng/L 88 6490 5140 8190 2780 6780 14000 23700 20.0
2-PHEN Phenanthrene ng/L 88 99.4 85.9 115 60.6 94.4 159 235 10.0
3-FLUO Fluorene ng/L 88 54.8 43.7 68.8 23.5 45.8 106 212 20.0
3-PHEN Phenanthrene ng/L 88 69.4 57.3 84.0 34.1 70.2 109 190 10.0
9-FLUO Fluorene ng/L 88 535 440 651 272 536 814 1370 37.0

Chemical Group: Pyrethroid Pesticides

  • Measured in: Urine

Project: Biomonitoring Exposures Study (BEST) - 1.Pilot

Diverse group of smiling adults

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
3-Phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) Cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, fenpropathrin, permethrin, and/or tralomethrin µg/L 109 0.774 0.609 0.983 0.390 0.736 1.79 5.95 98.2% 0.0500 µg/L
4-Fluoro-3-phenoxybenzoic acid (4F-3-PBA) Cyfluthrin µg/L 109 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.143 14.7% 0.0500 µg/L
Trans-DCCA Cyfluthrin, cypermethrin, permethrin µg/L 109 0.614 0.476 0.792 0.258 0.555 1.21 7.42 98.2% 0.0500 µg/L

Project: Biomonitoring Exposures Study (BEST) - 2.Expanded

Diverse group of smiling adults

Weighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
3-Phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) Cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, fenpropathrin, permethrin, and/or tralomethrin µg/L 218 0.660 0.480 0.908 0.305 0.783 1.47 5.39 90.9% 0.0500 µg/L ●
3-Phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) Cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, fenpropathrin, permethrin, and/or tralomethrin µg/g creatinine 218 0.722 0.558 0.934 0.386 0.747 1.27 6.41 90.9% 0.0500 µg/L ●
4-Fluoro-3-phenoxybenzoic acid (4F-3-PBA) Cyfluthrin µg/L 218 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.224 19.7% 0.0500 µg/L ●
4-Fluoro-3-phenoxybenzoic acid (4F-3-PBA) Cyfluthrin µg/g creatinine 218 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.230 19.7% 0.0500 µg/L ●
Trans-DCCA Cyfluthrin, cypermethrin, permethrin µg/g creatinine 218 0.505 0.383 0.666 0.221 0.488 1.15 6.30 92.6% 0.0500 µg/L ●

Project: Firefighter Occupational Exposures (FOX) Project

Firefighters fighting flames, wearing full protective suits and holding large hoses spraying water
  • Study Group Subset: Firefighters

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
3-Phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) Cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, fenpropathrin, permethrin, and/or tralomethrin μg/L 101 0.54 0.43 0.67 0.28 0.51 0.99 3.7 98.0% 0.050
4-Fluoro-3-phenoxybenzoic acid (4F-3-PBA) Cyfluthrin ng/mL 101 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.063 10.9% 0.050

Project: Maternal and Infant Environmental Exposure Project (MIEEP)

Pregnant woman seated in front of a laptop computer
  • Study Group Subset: Pregnant women

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
3-Phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) Cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, fenpropathrin, permethrin, and/or tralomethrin μg/L 89 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.46 2.6 0.40

Footnotes

§Summary statistics were based on 155 urine samples collected from 40 children.
**LOD changed during the time that samples were analyzed for this project.
**LOD changed during the time that samples were analyzed for this project.
*Geometric mean was not calculated because the chemical was found in less than 65% of the study group
*Geometric mean was not calculated because the chemical was found in less than 65% of the study group.
*Geometric mean was not calculated because the chemical was found in less than 65% of the study group.
# As of March 2013, PFBuS is no longer measured due to instrumental background interference.
†Summary statistics were based on 138 urine samples collected from 38 adults.
‡Summary statistics were based on 150 urine samples collected from 40 adults.
^Concentrations were adjusted for specific gravity using a reference value of 1.017 from NHANES 2007-2008.
⌂Due to the COVID-19 emergency, CARE-3 was stopped early and only 90 people completed all study steps. The results from this small non-representative sample cannot be generalized to the population of San Diego and Orange counties.
□Expanded BEST data from 315 participants was weighted, a statistical method to adjust over-represented and under-represented samples, so that the summary results adequately reflect the population of California’s Central Valley. Unweighted results are available to download on the Biomonitoring Exposures Study (BEST) – 2. Expanded project page.
▶CARE-LA data from 425 participants were weighted, a statistical method to adjust over-represented and under-represented samples, so that the summary results adequately reflect the population of California’s Los Angeles County. Unweighted results are available to download on the California Regional Exposure Study, Los Angeles County (CARE-LA) project page.
▷CARE-LA data from 426 participants were weighted, a statistical method to adjust over-represented and under-represented samples, so that the summary results adequately reflect the population of California’s Los Angeles County. Unweighted results are available to download on the California Regional Exposure Study, Los Angeles County (CARE-LA) project page.
▼CARE-LA data from 428 participants were weighted, a statistical method to adjust over-represented and under-represented samples, so that the summary results adequately reflect the population of California’s Los Angeles County. Unweighted results are available to download on the California Regional Exposure Study, Los Angeles County (CARE-LA) project page.
▽CARE-2 data from 357 participants were weighted, a statistical method to adjust over-represented and under-represented samples, so that the summary results adequately reflect the population of California’s Riverside, San Bernardino, Imperial, Mono, and Inyo counties. Unweighted results are available to download on the California Regional Exposure Study, Region 2 (CARE-2) project page.
◀CARE-2 data from 358 participants were weighted, a statistical method to adjust over-represented and under-represented samples, so that the summary results adequately reflect the population of California’s Riverside, San Bernardino, Imperial, Mono, and Inyo counties. Unweighted results are available to download on the California Regional Exposure Study, Region 2 (CARE-2) project page.
◁CARE-2 data from 359 participants were weighted, a statistical method to adjust over-represented and under-represented samples, so that the summary results adequately reflect the population of California’s Riverside, San Bernardino, Imperial, Mono, and Inyo counties. Unweighted results are available to download on the California Regional Exposure Study, Region 2 (CARE-2) project page.
○Expanded BEST data from 337 participants was weighted, a statistical method to adjust over-represented and under-represented samples, so that the summary results adequately reflect the population of California’s Central Valley. Unweighted results are available to download on the Biomonitoring Exposures Study (BEST) – 2. Expanded project page.
●Expanded BEST data from 218 participants was weighted, a statistical method to adjust over-represented and under-represented samples, so that the summary results adequately reflect the population of California’s Central Valley. Unweighted results are available to download on the Biomonitoring Exposures Study (BEST) – 2. Expanded project page.
♢Summary statistics were based on 168 urine samples collected from 40 children.
♦Expanded BEST data from 217 participants was weighted, a statistical method to adjust over-represented and under-represented samples, so that the summary results adequately reflect the population of California’s Central Valley. Unweighted results are available to download on the Biomonitoring Exposures Study (BEST) – 2. Expanded project page.
ΔTwo samples were damaged during processing and could not be tested.

Explanation of Terms