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Project: Asian/Pacific Islander Community Exposures (ACE) Project - ACE 1

Chemical Group: Metals

  • Measured in: Blood

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
Cadmium Cadmium NA µg/L 96 0.524 0.462 0.595 0.344 0.520 0.801 1.15 99% 0.150
Lead Lead NA µg/dL 96 1.23 1.11 1.37 0.843 1.23 1.90 2.37 100% 0.0500
Mercury Mercury NA µg/L 96 3.58 3.01 4.26 2.47 4.12 7.13 9.24 100% 0.150

Chemical Group: Metals

  • Measured in: Urine

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Arsenic Arsenic NA µg/L 100 22.2 18.2 27.0 12.6 22.1 44.0 131 100% 0.162
Cadmium Cadmium Creatinine µg/g creatinine 100 0.450 0.377 0.536 0.222 0.460 0.913 1.75 97% 0.0391 µg/L
Mercury Mercury NA µg/L 100 0.301 0.246 0.367 0.135 0.301 0.599 1.71 99% 0.0300

Chemical Group: Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs)

  • Measured in: Serum

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
4:2 FTS 4:2 FTS NA ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0120
5:3 FTCA 5:3 FTCA NA ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0500
6:2 diPAP 6:2 diPAP NA ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 7.3% 0.0500
6:2 FTCA 6:2 FTCA NA ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.250
6:2 FTS 6:2 FTS NA ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0500
6:2 FTUCA 6:2 FTUCA NA ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0120
6:6 PFPiA 6:6 PFPiA NA ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0120
6:8 PFPiA 6:8 PFPiA NA ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0500
7:3 FTCA 7:3 FTCA NA ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0500
8:2 diPAP 8:2 diPAP NA ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.250
8:2 FTCA 8:2 FTCA NA ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.500
8:2 FTS 8:2 FTS NA ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0500
8:2 FTUCA 8:2 FTUCA NA ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0120
8:2 PAP 8:2 PAP NA ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.500
Et-PFOSA-AcOH Et-PFOSA-AcOH NA ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 5.2% 0.0500
Me-PFOSA-AcOH Me-PFOSA-AcOH NA ng/ml 96 0.0523 0.0421 0.0650 0.0256 0.0467 0.0959 0.228 95.8% 0.0120
PFBA PFBA NA ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD 0.0582 0.0846 0.140 62.5% 0.0500
PFBS PFBS NA ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0442
PFDA PFDA NA ng/ml 96 0.477 0.406 0.559 0.281 0.453 0.739 1.49 80.2% 0.250
PFDoA PFDoA NA ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD 0.0540 0.0788 0.134 56.3% 0.0500
PFDS PFDS NA ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD 0.0104 0.0204 0.048 53.1% 0.00965
PFHpA PFHpA NA ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.0574 0.0868 30.2% 0.0500
PFHxA PFHxA NA ng/ml 96 0.176 0.162 0.191 0.151 0.180 0.214 0.276 97.9% 0.0556
PFHxPA PFHxPA NA ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0500
PFHxS PFHxS NA ng/ml 96 0.767 0.66 0.891 0.432 0.789 1.41 1.81 100% 0.00945
PFNA PFNA NA ng/ml 96 0.987 0.870 1.12 0.65 0.948 1.33 2.24 99% 0.250
PFOA PFOA NA ng/ml 96 1.41 1.23 1.61 0.998 1.36 2.16 2.85 100% 0.0500
PFOPA PFOPA NA ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0500
PFOS PFOS NA ng/ml 96 6.51 5.49 7.73 3.32 6.05 11.7 19.3 100% 0.0566
PFOSA PFOSA NA ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0120
PFPeA PFPeA NA ng/ml 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0500
PFUnDA PFUnDA NA ng/ml 96 0.398 0.348 0.455 0.301 0.427 0.600 0.824 100% 0.0500

Project: Asian/Pacific Islander Community Exposures (ACE) Project - ACE 2

Chemical Group: Metals

  • Measured in: Blood

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
Cadmium Cadmium NA µg/L 99 0.592 0.526 0.666 0.374 0.609 0.892 1.29 100% 0.0750
Lead Lead NA µg/dL 99 1.12 1.02 1.22 0.858 1.06 1.41 2.07 100% 0.0250
Mercury Mercury NA µg/L 99 4.77 4.13 5.51 3.22 5.18 8.04 9.99 100% 0.0750

Chemical Group: Metals

  • Measured in: Urine

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Arsenic Arsenic NA µg/L 100 33.6 27.4 41.1 18.0 35.4 70.5 121 100% 0.100
Cadmium Cadmium Creatinine µg/g 100 0.625 0.527 0.740 0.353 0.712 1.12 2.16 99% 0.0300 µg/L
Mercury Mercury NA µg/L 100 0.432 0.349 0.535 0.218 0.418 0.816 2.11 97% 0.0500

Chemical Group: Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs)

  • Measured in: Serum

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
4:2 FTS 4:2 FTS NA ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0120
5:3 FTCA 5:3 FTCA NA ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2% 0.0500
6:2 diPAP 6:2 diPAP NA ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2% 0.0500
6:2 FTCA 6:2 FTCA NA ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.250
6:2 FTS 6:2 FTS NA ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 3% 0.0500
6:2 FTUCA 6:2 FTUCA NA ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0120
6:6 PFPiA 6:6 PFPiA NA ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0100
6:8 PFPiA 6:8 PFPiA NA ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0500
7:3 FTCA 7:3 FTCA NA ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 5.1% 0.0500
8:2 diPAP 8:2 diPAP NA ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.250
8:2 FTCA 8:2 FTCA NA ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.500
8:2 FTS 8:2 FTS NA ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0500
8:2 FTUCA 8:2 FTUCA NA ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0120
8:2 PAP 8:2 PAP NA ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.500
Et-PFOSA-AcOH Et-PFOSA-AcOH NA ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 3% 0.0500
Me-PFOSA-AcOH Me-PFOSA-AcOH NA ng/ml 99 0.0342 0.0291 0.0402 0.0197 0.0282 0.0538 0.114 97% 0.0120
PFBA PFBA NA ng/ml 99 0.0589 0.0531 0.0655 <LOD 0.0580 0.0736 0.0996 67.7% 0.0500
PFBS PFBS NA ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 3% 0.0400
PFDA PFDA NA ng/ml 99 0.559 0.490 0.636 0.393 0.541 0.823 1.28 87.9% 0.250
PFDoA PFDoA NA ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD 0.0135 0.0226 0.0441 52.5% 0.0500
PFDS PFDS NA ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD 0.0505 0.0773 0.127 59.6% 0.0100
PFHpA PFHpA NA ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.0699 20.2% 0.0500
PFHxA PFHxA NA ng/ml 99 0.189 0.166 0.215 0.124 0.174 0.268 0.453 98% 0.0600
PFHxPA PFHxPA NA ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0500
PFHxS PFHxS NA ng/ml 99 1.29 1.14 1.45 0.787 1.21 1.81 3.05 100% 0.0100
PFNA PFNA NA ng/ml 99 1.10 0.988 1.22 0.84 1.08 1.49 2.21 99% 0.250
PFOA PFOA NA ng/ml 99 1.69 1.51 1.88 1.20 1.61 2.30 3.06 100% 0.0600
PFOPA PFOPA NA ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0500
PFOS PFOS NA ng/ml 99 7.47 6.38 8.75 4.17 7.00 11.5 22.9 100% 0.191
PFOSA PFOSA NA ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 3% 0.0100
PFPeA PFPeA NA ng/ml 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0500
PFUnDA PFUnDA NA ng/ml 99 0.453 0.391 0.525 0.309 0.443 0.740 1.12 98% 0.0500

Chemical Group: Environmental Phenols

  • Measured in: Urine

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Benzophenone-3 Benzophenone-3 NA µg/L 109 24.4 16.0 37.2 5.70 22.8 86.7 797 94.5% 0.500 µg/L
BPA Bisphenol A NA µg/L 109 1.40 1.08 1.80 0.660 1.31 2.82 13.3 89.9% 0.200 µg/L
Butyl paraben Butyl Paraben NA µg/L 109 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 13.5 21.1% 0.500 µg/L
Ethyl paraben Ethyl Paraben NA µg/L 109 * * * <LOD <LOD 6.83 127 44.0% 0.500 µg/L
Methyl paraben Methyl Paraben NA µg/L 105 78.4 56.2 109 21.7 76.4 282 1,060 99.0% 0.500 µg/L
Propyl paraben Propyl Paraben NA µg/L 109 7.66 4.89 12.0 0.555 8.38 49.1 367 75.2% 0.500 µg/L
Triclosan Triclosan NA µg/L 109 11.7 7.77 17.5 2.54 9.29 44.3 702 96.3% 0.200 µg/L

Chemical Group: Herbicides

  • Measured in: Urine

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
2,4-D 2_4-D NA µg/L 109 0.304 0.245 0.376 0.163 0.340 0.617 1.92 90.8% 0.0500 µg/L

Chemical Group: Metals

  • Measured in: Blood

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Cadmium Cadmium NA µg/L 110 0.271 0.237 0.311 0.170 0.275 0.390 0.990 100% 0.06 µg/L
Lead Lead NA µg/dL 110 1.05 0.931 1.18 0.700 1.05 1.47 2.45 100% 0.02 µg/dL
Manganese Manganese NA µg/L 110 8.09 7.62 8.58 6.50 8.40 9.80 13.4 100% 0.45 µg/L
Mercury Mercury NA µg/L 110 0.748 0.602 0.929 0.370 0.745 1.79 4.26 99.1% 0.04 µg/L

Chemical Group: Metals

  • Measured in: Urine

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Arsenic Arsenic NA µg/L 108 11.6 9.30 14.5 5.08 10.9 21.5 102 100% 0.0493 µg/L
Cadmium Cadmium Creatinine µg/g creatinine 108 0.301 0.267 0.339 0.186 0.300 0.461 0.853 100% 0.0420 µg/L
Mercury Mercury NA µg/L 108 0.210 0.168 0.263 0.087 0.217 0.509 1.14 98.1% 0.0163 µg/L

Chemical Group: Organochlorine Pesticides

  • Measured in: Serum

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
beta-Hexachlorocyclohexane (beta-HCH) b-HCH Lipids ng/g lipid 110 7.00 5.42 9.05 2.98 5.94 11.5 115 89.1% 0.00800 ng/mL
DDE (para,para) para,para-DDT and/or para,para-DDE Lipids ng/g lipid 110 321 266 386 161 318 585 2180 100.0% 0.0160 ng/mL
DDT (ortho,para) ortho,para-DDT Lipids ng/g lipid 110 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.0% 0.00800 ng/mL
DDT (para,para) para,para-DDT Lipids ng/g lipid 110 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 10.6 15.5% 0.00800 ng/mL
Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) HCB Lipids ng/g lipid 110 11.6 10.8 12.5 9.21 11.4 14.0 20.6 100.0% 0.00800 ng/mL
Oxychlordane Chlordane Lipids ng/g lipid 110 7.61 6.41 9.02 5.45 8.30 13.2 28.4 91.8% 0.00800 ng/mL
trans-Nonachlor Chlordane Lipids ng/g lipid 110 14.3 12.0 17.0 8.31 14.5 25.1 60.8 99.1% 0.00800 ng/mL

Chemical Group: Organophosphate Pesticides

  • Measured in: Urine

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
IMPY Diazinon NA µg/L 109 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.0944 0.708 35.8% 0.0500 µg/L
TCPy Chlorpyrifos, Chlorpyrifos-methyl NA µg/L 109 1.23 1.05 1.45 0.706 1.24 2.24 4.40 80.7% 0.500 µg/L

Chemical Group: Other Pesticides

  • Measured in: Urine

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
DEET DEET NA µg/L 109 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.502 12.8% 0.0500 µg/L

Chemical Group: Perchlorate

  • Measured in: Urine

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Perchlorate NA µg/L 102 3.77 3.23 4.39 2.26 3.76 5.95 13.9 100% 0.500 µg/L

Chemical Group: Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs)

  • Measured in: Serum

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Et-PFOSA-AcOH Et-PFOSA-AcOH NA ng/mL 110 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.022 0.163 24.5% 0.0313 ng/mL
Me-PFOSA-AcOH Me-PFOSA-AcOH NA ng/mL 110 0.174 0.142 0.213 0.0945 0.165 0.329 1.350 95.5% 0.0277 ng/mL
PFBS PFBS NA ng/mL 110 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.0680 11.8% 0.0411 ng/mL
PFDA PFDA NA ng/mL 110 0.245 0.216 0.278 0.160 0.254 0.334 0.767 100% 0.0349 ng/mL
PFDoA PFDoA NA ng/mL 110 0.0191 0.0166 0.0221 <LOD 0.0193 0.0303 0.0595 70.0% 0.0114 ng/mL
PFHpA PFHpA NA ng/mL 110 0.0483 0.0395 0.0591 0.0246 0.0543 0.0901 0.269 87.3% 0.010 ng/mL
PFHxS PFHxS NA ng/mL 110 1.43 1.19 1.73 0.917 1.52 2.43 6.87 99.1% 0.0206 ng/mL
PFNA PFNA NA ng/mL 110 0.994 0.920 1.07 0.730 0.984 1.35 1.86 100% 0.0154 ng/mL
PFOA PFOA NA ng/mL 110 1.97 1.76 2.19 1.36 1.99 2.92 4.70 100% 0.0087 ng/mL
PFOS PFOS NA ng/mL 110 7.00 6.12 8.00 4.66 7.10 10.4 25.8 100% 0.0621 ng/mL
PFOSA PFOSA NA ng/mL 110 * * * <LOD 0.0254 0.0487 0.195 52.7% 0.0225 ng/mL
PFUnDA PFUnDA NA ng/mL 110 0.128 0.111 0.148 0.0737 0.123 0.195 0.533 100% 0.0254 ng/mL

Chemical Group: Phthalates

  • Measured in: Urine

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
MBzP Benzylbutyl phthalate (BzBP) NA µg/L 109 7.49 5.99 9.36 3.65 7.27 18.6 41.9 100% 0.250 µg/L
MCHP Dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP) NA µg/L 109 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.83% 0.500 µg/L
MCPP Di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP) NA µg/L 109 1.88 1.52 2.32 1.03 1.64 3.41 14.6 100% 0.125 µg/L
MECPP Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) NA µg/L 109 12.1 10.0 14.7 7.10 11.7 20.0 51.7 100% 0.500 µg/L
MEP Diethyl phthalate (DEP) NA µg/L 109 57.1 45.2 72.1 25.5 52.1 103 584 97.2% 8.00 µg/L
MnBP Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), Benzylbutyl phthalate (BzBP) NA µg/L 109 19.0 16.1 22.4 11.7 18.5 31.6 73.5 98.2% 2.00 µg/L

Chemical Group: Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs)

  • Measured in: Serum

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
BDE 017 BDE 17 Lipids ng/g lipid 110 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.8% 0.003 ng/mL
BDE 028 BDE 28 Lipids ng/g lipid 110 1.81 1.52 2.16 1.02 1.64 2.63 10.2 91.8% 0.003 ng/mL
BDE 047 BDE 47 Lipids ng/g lipid 110 25.8 21.0 31.6 12.3 26.9 43.2 134 99.1% 0.023 ng/mL
BDE 066 BDE 66 Lipids ng/g lipid 110 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.02 9.1% 0.004 ng/mL
BDE 085 BDE 85 Lipids ng/g lipid 110 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 3.49 20.0% 0.004 ng/mL
BDE 099 BDE 99 Lipids ng/g lipid 110 4.75 3.85 5.85 2.08 4.30 8.36 54.7 80.9% 0.012 ng/mL
BDE 100 BDE 100 Lipids ng/g lipid 110 4.02 3.24 4.98 2.07 3.72 6.75 39.1 89.1% 0.006 ng/mL
BDE 153 BDE 153 Lipids ng/g lipid 110 13.9 11.6 16.8 7.08 12.5 24.6 98.4 99.1% 0.008 ng/mL
BDE 154 BDE 154 Lipids ng/g lipid 110 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 5.12 17.3% 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 183 BDE 183 Lipids ng/g lipid 110 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 3.6% 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 196 BDE 196 Lipids ng/g lipid 110 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.7% 0.010 ng/mL
BDE 197 BDE 197 Lipids ng/g lipid 110 * * * <LOD <LOD 1.76 4.38 42.7% 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 201 BDE 201 Lipids ng/g lipid 110 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 4.5% 0.006 ng/mL
BDE 202 BDE 202 Lipids ng/g lipid 110 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.9% 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 203 BDE 203 Lipids ng/g lipid 110 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.9% 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 206 BDE 206 Lipids ng/g lipid 110 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 4.5% 0.009 ng/mL
BDE 207 BDE 207 Lipids ng/g lipid 110 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.57 18.2% 0.011 ng/mL
BDE 208 BDE 208 Lipids ng/g lipid 110 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.7% 0.010 ng/mL
BDE 209 BDE 209 Lipids ng/g lipid 110 * * * <LOD <LOD 5.65 15.5 38.2% 0.030 ng/mL

Chemical Group: Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)

  • Measured in: Serum

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
PCB 066 PCB 066 Lipids ng/g lipid 110 * * * <LOD <LOD 1.45 2.84 38.2% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 074 PCB 074 Lipids ng/g lipid 110 3.63 3.12 4.23 1.91 3.27 7.18 13.1 92.7% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 099 PCB 099 Lipids ng/g lipid 110 2.89 2.49 3.36 1.61 2.81 4.31 11.9 85.5% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 101 PCB 101 Lipids ng/g lipid 110 * * * <LOD <LOD 1.36 2.34 28.2% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 105 PCB 105 Lipids ng/g lipid 110 * * * <LOD <LOD 1.73 4.54 41.8% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 118 PCB 118 Lipids ng/g lipid 110 4.84 4.10 5.71 2.43 4.14 8.48 19.8 96.4% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 138 PCB 138 Lipids ng/g lipid 110 9.60 8.11 11.4 5.18 9.81 16.7 43.4 98.2% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 153 PCB 153 Lipids ng/g lipid 110 22.0 18.5 26.1 12.8 24.7 40.5 99.0 99.1% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 156 PCB 156 Lipids ng/g lipid 110 3.48 2.99 4.06 1.85 3.66 5.69 13.7 85.5% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 170 PCB 170 Lipids ng/g lipid 110 6.30 5.36 7.40 3.99 6.85 11.9 23.2 92.7% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 180 PCB 180 Lipids ng/g lipid 110 21.8 18.2 26.2 13.8 25.7 41.9 79.6 99.1% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 183 PCB 183 Lipids ng/g lipid 110 2.00 1.75 2.29 <LOD 1.90 3.26 8.51 66.4% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 187 PCB 187 Lipids ng/g lipid 110 6.38 5.37 7.58 3.60 6.90 11.7 25.0 91.8% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 194 PCB 194 Lipids ng/g lipid 110 5.24 4.45 6.17 2.96 5.50 9.87 19.2 89.1% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 203 PCB 203 Lipids ng/g lipid 110 3.15 2.71 3.66 1.55 3.41 5.35 10.8 81.8% 0.00800 ng/mL

Chemical Group: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)

  • Measured in: Urine

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
1-NAP Naphthalene NA pg/mL 109 1,650 1,260 2,150 668 1,430 3,630 18,100 100.0% 25 pg/mL
1-PHEN Phenanthrene NA pg/mL 109 126 106 149 80.2 133 259 478 99.1% 10 pg/mL
1-PYR Pyrene NA pg/mL 109 93.0 75.1 115 49.3 88.1 177 665 88.1% 20 pg/mL
2-FLUO Fluorene NA pg/mL 109 246 198 305 121 232 387 2,290 100.0% 20 pg/mL
2-NAP Naphthalene NA pg/mL 109 4,290 3,450 5,340 1,950 4,190 10,200 25,000 100.0% 20 pg/mL
2-PHEN Phenanthrene NA pg/mL 109 39.1 33.6 45.5 24.4 41.8 70.3 119 93.6% 10 pg/mL
3-FLUO Fluorene NA pg/mL 109 124 97.9 157 54.2 103 227 1,580 95.4% 20 pg/mL
3-PHEN Phenanthrene NA pg/mL 109 57.4 47.8 68.9 31.7 53.1 117 285 96.3% 10 pg/mL
9-FLUO Fluorene NA pg/mL 109 323 268 389 184 312 607 1,940 99.1% 37 pg/mL

Chemical Group: Pyrethroid Pesticides

  • Measured in: Urine

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
3-Phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) Cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, fenpropathrin, permethrin, and/or tralomethrin NA µg/L 109 0.774 0.609 0.983 0.390 0.736 1.79 5.95 98.2% 0.0500 µg/L
4-Fluoro-3-phenoxybenzoic acid (4F-3-PBA) Cyfluthrin NA µg/L 109 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.143 14.7% 0.0500 µg/L
Trans-DCCA Cyfluthrin, cypermethrin, permethrin NA µg/L 109 0.614 0.476 0.792 0.258 0.555 1.21 7.42 98.2% 0.0500 µg/L

Chemical Group: Environmental Phenols

  • Measured in: Urine

Weighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Benzophenone-3 Benzophenone-3 NA µg/L 218 76.7 43.4 135 10.9 76.2 431 6720 95.8% 1.00 µg/L
Benzophenone-3 Benzophenone-3 Creatinine µg/g creatinine 218 83.8 49.1 143 11.8 70.8 408 3520 95.8% 1.00 µg/L
BPA Bisphenol A NA µg/L 218 1.33 1.05 1.69 0.648 1.52 3.56 5.66 97.4% 0.100 µg/L
BPA Bisphenol A Creatinine µg/g creatinine 218 1.46 1.20 1.77 0.786 1.53 2.39 5.58 97.4% 0.100 µg/L
Butyl paraben Butyl paraben NA µg/L 218 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.456 20.5 33.4% 0.200 µg/L
Butyl paraben Butyl paraben Creatinine µg/g creatinine 218 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.834 21.2 33.4% 0.200 µg/L
Ethyl paraben Ethyl paraben NA µg/L 218 * * * <LOD <LOD 10.0 168 47.8% 1.00 µg/L
Ethyl paraben Ethyl paraben Creatinine µg/g creatinine 218 * * * <LOD <LOD 11.7 161 47.8% 1.00 µg/L
Methyl paraben Methyl paraben NA µg/L 218 62.9 41.3 95.9 21.1 75.4 241 906 94.3% 1.00 µg/L
Methyl paraben Methyl paraben Creatinine µg/g creatinine 218 68.8 47.6 99.6 23.5 83.8 237 924 94.3% 1.00 µg/L
Propyl paraben Propyl paraben NA µg/L 218 9.58 5.98 15.4 <LOD 9.05 55.5 325 71.5% 1.00 µg/L
Propyl paraben Propyl paraben Creatinine µg/g creatinine 218 10.48 6.68 16.4 <LOD 9.51 70.2 287 71.5% 1.00 µg/L
Triclosan Triclosan NA µg/L 218 11.9 7.34 19.4 2.25 9.09 60.4 801 98.5% 0.100 µg/L
Triclosan Triclosan Creatinine µg/g creatinine 218 13.1 8.00 21.3 2.31 11.3 54.2 812 98.5% 0.100 µg/L

Chemical Group: Herbicides

  • Measured in: Urine

Weighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
2,4-D 2,4-D NA µg/L 218 0.173 0.137 0.217 0.0807 0.159 0.302 1.29 81.9% 0.0500 µg/L
2,4-D 2,4-D Creatinine µg/g creatinine 218 0.189 0.153 0.233 0.113 0.185 0.323 1.61 81.9% 0.0500 µg/L

Chemical Group: Metals

  • Measured in: Blood

Weighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Cadmium Cadmium NA µg/L 315 0.247 0.220 0.277 0.161 0.227 0.380 0.939 100% 0.0111 µg/L
Lead Lead NA µg/dL 315 0.749 0.664 0.846 0.416 0.703 1.31 2.43 100% 0.0109 µg/dL
Manganese Manganese NA µg/L 315 9.17 8.76 9.60 7.63 9.08 10.8 15.7 100% 1.00 µg/L
Mercury Mercury NA µg/L 315 0.677 0.573 0.799 0.339 0.693 1.26 3.52 99.9% 0.0294 µg/L

Chemical Group: Metals

  • Measured in: Urine

Weighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Arsenic Arsenic NA µg/L 218 8.60 7.05 10.5 5.08 10.3 14.0 41.6 100% 0.0493 µg/L
Arsenic Arsenic Creatinine µg/g creatinine 218 9.40 8.25 10.71 5.35 9.29 13.8 29 100% 0.0493 µg/L
Cadmium Cadmium NA µg/L 218 0.184 0.145 0.235 0.0932 0.173 0.412 1.02 87.8% 0.0420 µg/L
Cadmium Cadmium Creatinine µg/g creatinine 218 0.202 0.166 0.245 0.111 0.193 0.334 0.928 87.8% 0.0420 µg/L
Cobalt Cobalt NA µg/L 218 0.190 0.146 0.247 0.0872 0.181 0.417 1.24 98.5% 0.0113 µg/L
Cobalt Cobalt Creatinine µg/g creatinine 218 0.207 0.168 0.256 0.113 0.166 0.305 1.36 98.5% 0.0113 µg/L
Manganese Manganese NA µg/L 218 * * * <LOD 0.0555 0.106 0.461 56.3% 0.0449 µg/L
Manganese Manganese Creatinine µg/g creatinine 218 * * * <LOD 0.0632 0.123 0.89 56.3% 0.0449 µg/L
Mercury Mercury NA µg/L 218 0.148 0.114 0.194 0.0766 0.154 0.358 1.09 93.9% 0.0163 µg/L
Mercury Mercury Creatinine µg/g creatinine 218 0.162 0.130 0.202 0.0756 0.182 0.314 0.811 93.9% 0.0163 µg/L
Molybdenum Molybdenum NA µg/L 218 40.4 31.8 51.4 20.0 48.6 81.1 202 100% 0.0736 µg/L
Molybdenum Molybdenum Creatinine µg/g creatinine 218 44.2 36.9 52.9 28.8 40.2 71.0 158 100% 0.0736 µg/L
Thallium Thallium NA µg/L 218 0.164 0.136 0.197 0.125 0.182 0.296 0.373 98.4% 0.00982 µg/L
Thallium Thallium Creatinine µg/g creatinine 218 0.179 0.161 0.198 0.135 0.180 0.247 0.392 98.4% 0.00982 µg/L
Tungsten Tungsten NA µg/L 218 0.0762 0.0584 0.0994 0.0447 0.0924 0.155 0.333 95.8% 0.00493 µg/L
Tungsten Tungsten Creatinine µg/g creatinine 218 0.0833 0.0684 0.101 0.0475 0.0812 0.141 0.399 95.8% 0.00493 µg/L
Uranium Uranium NA µg/L 218 0.00709 0.00533 0.00944 0.00215 0.00752 0.0181 0.0635 82.0% 0.00134 µg/L
Uranium Uranium Creatinine µg/g creatinine 218 0.00775 0.00606 0.00990 0.00349 0.00664 0.0149 0.0645 82.0% 0.00134 µg/L

Chemical Group: Organochlorine Pesticides

  • Measured in: Serum

Weighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
beta-Hexachlorocyclohexane (beta-HCH) b-HCH Lipids ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD <LOD 5.22 24.7 35.5% 0.00800 ng/mL
DDE (para,para) para,para-DDT and/or para,para-DDE Lipids ng/g lipid 217 217 176 267 110 174 542 1240 100% 0.0160 ng/mL
DDT (ortho,para) ortho,para-DDT Lipids ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.5% 0.00800 ng/mL
DDT (para,para) para,para-DDT Lipids ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD 1.71 2.58 4.98 64.2% 0.00800 ng/mL
Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) HCB Lipids ng/g lipid 217 8.82 8.21 9.47 7.27 8.71 11.1 16.1 100% 0.0106 ng/mL
Oxychlordane Chlordane Lipids ng/g lipid 217 3.73 3.09 4.50 2.00 3.54 7.37 15.0 83.4% 0.00800 ng/mL
trans-Nonachlor Chlordane Lipids ng/g lipid 217 6.92 5.68 8.44 3.69 6.43 14.9 34.4 89.9% 0.00800 ng/mL

Chemical Group: Organophosphate Pesticides

  • Measured in: Urine

Weighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
IMPY Diazanon NA µg/L 218 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.199 0.849 47.5% 0.0500 µg/L
IMPY Diazanon Creatinine µg/g creatinine 218 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.216 0.829 47.5% 0.0500 µg/L
TCPy Chlorpyrifos (Chlorpyrifos methyl) NA µg/L 218 0.912 0.792 1.05 <LOD 0.991 1.39 2.72 74.6% 0.500 µg/L
TCPy Chlorpyrifos (Chlorpyrifos methyl) Creatinine µg/g creatinine 218 0.997 0.883 1.13 <LOD 0.953 1.40 2.61 74.6% 0.500 µg/L

Chemical Group: Other Pesticides

  • Measured in: Urine

Weighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
DEET DEET NA µg/L 218 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.102 0.286 38.5% 0.0500 µg/L
DEET DEET Creatinine µg/g creatinine 218 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.117 0.425 38.5% 0.0500 µg/L

Chemical Group: Perchlorate

  • Measured in: Urine

Weighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Perchlorate NA µg/L 218 2.91 2.38 3.56 2.00 2.98 4.59 18.6 100% 0.0100 µg/L
Perchlorate Creatinine µg/g creatinine 218 3.19 2.68 3.79 1.79 2.87 5.47 13.9 100% 0.0100 µg/L

Chemical Group: Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs)

  • Measured in: Serum

Weighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Et-PFOSA-AcOH Et-PFOSA-AcOH NA ng/mL 337 * * * <LOD 0.00732 0.0218 0.0865 51.7% 0.00682 ng/mL
Me-PFOSA-AcOH Me-PFOSA-AcOH NA ng/mL 337 0.120 0.106 0.136 0.0686 0.124 0.202 0.514 98.4% 0.0114 ng/mL
PFDA PFDA NA ng/mL 337 0.162 0.146 0.180 0.0901 0.161 0.262 0.522 79.1% 0.0877 ng/mL
PFDoA PFDoA NA ng/mL 337 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.4% 0.148 ng/mL
PFHpA PFHpA NA ng/mL 337 * * * <LOD 0.0189 0.0480 0.135 61.4% 0.0121 ng/mL
PFHxS PFHxS NA ng/mL 337 1.09 0.952 1.26 0.606 1.13 1.85 4.59 99.5% 0.0538 ng/mL
PFNA PFNA NA ng/mL 337 0.739 0.660 0.827 0.497 0.764 1.18 1.95 99.5% 0.0282 ng/mL
PFOA PFOA NA ng/mL 337 1.42 1.26 1.60 1.04 1.63 2.34 4.07 99.5% 0.0426 ng/mL
PFOS PFOS NA ng/mL 337 5.07 4.53 5.68 3.41 5.05 7.82 17.6 99.7% 0.0943 ng/mL
PFOSA PFOSA NA ng/mL 337 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.0246 0.108 29.2% 0.0212 ng/mL
PFUnDA PFUnDA NA ng/mL 337 0.0841 0.0743 0.0952 0.0447 0.0820 0.138 0.363 80.3% 0.0371 ng/mL

Chemical Group: Phthalates

  • Measured in: Urine

Weighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
MBzP Benzylbutyl phthalate (BzBP) NA µg/L 218 5.20 4.09 6.61 2.82 5.57 9.44 25.6 100% 0.200 µg/L
MBzP Benzylbutyl phthalate (BzBP) Creatinine µg/g creatinine 218 5.69 4.81 6.72 3.36 5.86 9.05 22.3 100% 0.200 µg/L
MCHP Dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP) NA µg/L 218 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD <0.1% 0.100 µg/L
MCHP Dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP) Creatinine µg/g creatinine 218 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD <0.1% 0.100 µg/L
MCPP Di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP) NA µg/L 218 2.01 1.57 2.58 0.943 2.30 4.40 16.0 >99.9% 0.100 µg/L
MCPP Di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP) Creatinine µg/g creatinine 218 2.20 1.79 2.71 1.17 1.87 3.54 15.2 >99.9% 0.100 µg/L
MECPP Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) NA µg/L 218 9.62 7.62 12.1 5.35 11.0 20.5 47.9 100% 0.190 µg/L
MECPP Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) Creatinine µg/g creatinine 218 10.52 9.01 12.3 6.81 10.5 16.9 36.1 100% 0.190 µg/L
MEHHP Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) NA µg/L 218 6.05 4.67 7.83 2.70 7.17 12.7 31.9 >99.9% 0.190 µg/L
MEHHP Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) Creatinine µg/g creatinine 218 6.61 5.50 7.94 4.33 6.75 10.4 19.6 >99.9% 0.190 µg/L
MEHP Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) NA µg/L 218 1.89 1.38 2.59 0.857 2.28 5.21 13.3 89.9% 0.190 µg/L
MEHP Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) Creatinine µg/g creatinine 218 2.07 1.63 2.62 0.936 2.16 4.24 12.9 89.9% 0.190 µg/L
MEOHP Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) NA µg/L 218 4.49 3.43 5.87 2.37 4.87 8.27 35.0 >99.9% 0.100 µg/L
MEOHP Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) Creatinine µg/g creatinine 218 4.91 4.02 6.00 3.00 4.96 7.06 21.5 >99.9% 0.100 µg/L
MEP Diethyl phthalate (DEP) NA µg/L 218 52.6 38.5 72.0 20.7 43.0 118 930 100% 0.460 µg/L
MEP Diethyl phthalate (DEP) Creatinine µg/g creatinine 218 57.5 44.3 74.6 23.9 46.2 120 534 100% 0.460 µg/L
MIBP Di-isobutyl phthalate (DIBP) NA µg/L 218 6.88 5.70 8.32 3.84 6.35 12.2 25.4 93.3% 1.60 µg/L
MIBP Di-isobutyl phthalate (DIBP) Creatinine µg/g creatinine 218 7.52 6.50 8.72 4.91 7.22 11.5 27.5 93.3% 1.60 µg/L
MnBP Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), Benzylbutyl phthalate (BzBP) NA µg/L 218 13.8 11.0 17.4 7.75 15.7 25.4 69.9 96.8% 0.910 µg/L
MnBP Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), Benzylbutyl phthalate (BzBP) Creatinine µg/g creatinine 218 15.1 12.9 17.7 8.67 15.4 22.5 51.8 96.8% 0.910 µg/L

Chemical Group: Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs)

  • Measured in: Serum

Weighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
BDE 017 BDE 17 Lipids ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.00770 ng/mL ♦ *
BDE 028 BDE 28 Lipids ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD <LOD 2.61 5.04 47.4% 0.00800 ng/mL
BDE 047 BDE 47 Lipids ng/g lipid 217 20.8 17.2 25.2 9.64 22.0 42.8 108 99.2% 0.0165 ng/mL
BDE 066 BDE 66 Lipids ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.6% 0.00800 ng/mL
BDE 085 BDE 85 Lipids ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.94 9.7% 0.00800 ng/mL
BDE 099 BDE 99 Lipids ng/g lipid 217 4.35 3.57 5.3 2.06 3.97 9.65 22.6 88.1% 0.00898 ng/mL
BDE 100 BDE 100 Lipids ng/g lipid 217 4.21 3.44 5.14 1.67 4.18 9.14 23.6 84.9% 0.00800 ng/mL
BDE 153 BDE 153 Lipids ng/g lipid 217 11.3 9.29 13.7 6.43 10.0 16.8 83.0 94.6% 0.0160 ng/mL
BDE 154 BDE 154 Lipids ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.3% 0.0160 ng/mL
BDE 183 BDE 183 Lipids ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.9% 0.0160 ng/mL
BDE 196 BDE 196 Lipids ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.3% 0.0160 ng/mL
BDE 197 BDE 197 Lipids ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 3.53 7.4% 0.0160 ng/mL
BDE 201 BDE 201 Lipids ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.3% 0.0160 ng/mL
BDE 202 BDE 202 Lipids ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.3% 0.0160 ng/mL
BDE 203 BDE 203 Lipids ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.3% 0.0160 ng/mL
BDE 206 BDE 206 Lipids ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.4% 0.0200 ng/mL
BDE 207 BDE 207 Lipids ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 3.9% 0.0200 ng/mL
BDE 208 BDE 208 Lipids ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.4% 0.0200 ng/mL
BDE 209 BDE 209 Lipids ng/g lipid 190 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.4% 0.257 ng/mL

Chemical Group: Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)

  • Measured in: Serum

Weighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
PCB 066 PCB 066 Lipids ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.94 9.7% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 074 PCB 074 Lipids ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD <LOD 4.27 11.6 47.1% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 099 PCB 099 Lipids ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD 1.61 3.10 8.05 58.0% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 101 PCB 101 Lipids ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 3.5% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 105 PCB 105 Lipids ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 3.47 18.9% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 118 PCB 118 Lipids ng/g lipid 217 2.85 2.34 3.46 1.29 2.52 4.78 13.4 77.5% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 138 PCB 138 Lipids ng/g lipid 217 5.11 4.08 6.39 2.32 4.32 10.6 25.6 93.1% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 153 PCB 153 Lipids ng/g lipid 217 10.1 7.88 12.8 4.00 9.18 26.2 56.5 99.7% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 156 PCB 156 Lipids ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD 1.53 3.45 7.94 52.6% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 170 PCB 170 Lipids ng/g lipid 217 3.49 2.82 4.32 <LOD 3.50 8.88 16.1 71.7% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 180 PCB 180 Lipids ng/g lipid 217 9.42 7.26 12.2 3.07 9.40 29.3 54.0 97.7% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 183 PCB 183 Lipids ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD <LOD 2.67 5.13 43.7% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 187 PCB 187 Lipids ng/g lipid 217 3.14 2.55 3.88 <LOD 2.96 8.63 16.3 69.4% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 194 PCB 194 Lipids ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD 2.08 5.33 11.9 58.8% 0.00800 ng/mL
PCB 203 PCB 203 Lipids ng/g lipid 217 * * * <LOD 2.33 5.57 11.5 61.5% 0.00800 ng/mL

Chemical Group: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)

  • Measured in: Urine

Weighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
1-NAP Naphthalene NA pg/mL 218 1,230 873 1,730 569 1,060 2,740 14,700 98.4% 25 pg/mL
1-NAP Naphthalene Creatinine ng/g creatinine 218 1,340 983 1,840 567 948 2,530 18,100 98.4% 25 pg/mL
1-PHEN Phenanthrene NA pg/mL 218 104 84.4 129 69.9 106 179 521 97.9% 10 pg/mL
1-PHEN Phenanthrene Creatinine ng/g creatinine 218 114 95.6 136 64.4 107 164 427 97.9% 10 pg/mL
1-PYR Pyrene NA pg/mL 218 105 83.0 134 56.8 102 205 497 90.5% 20 pg/mL
1-PYR Pyrene Creatinine ng/g creatinine 218 115 93.9 141 62.6 104 151 909 90.5% 20 pg/mL
2-FLUO Fluorene NA pg/mL 218 201 164 245 118 209 325 922 98.4% 20 pg/mL
2-FLUO Fluorene Creatinine ng/g creatinine 218 219 185 260 127 178 299 1,160 98.4% 20 pg/mL
2-NAP Naphthalene NA pg/mL 218 3,640 2,990 4,420 1,780 3,490 7,940 19,500 100% 20 pg/mL
2-NAP Naphthalene Creatinine ng/g creatinine 218 3,980 3,330 4,750 1,920 3,740 6,820 19,900 100% 20 pg/mL
2-PHEN Phenanthrene NA pg/mL 218 35.0 29.0 42.1 21.1 39.0 55.7 164 91.2% 10 pg/mL
2-PHEN Phenanthrene Creatinine ng/g creatinine 218 38.2 32.5 44.9 24.3 34.5 54.6 134 91.2% 10 pg/mL
3-FLUO Fluorene NA pg/mL 218 96.3 74.1 125 43.9 90.4 163 1150 89.8% 20 pg/mL
3-FLUO Fluorene Creatinine ng/g creatinine 218 105 83.4 133 53.2 82.8 148 1,140 89.8% 20 pg/mL
3-PHEN Phenanthrene NA pg/mL 218 56.1 45.5 69.3 37.2 57.3 109 247 93.3% 10 pg/mL
3-PHEN Phenanthrene Creatinine ng/g creatinine 218 61.4 51.3 73.4 34.5 56.2 78.3 468 93.3% 10 pg/mL
9-FLUO Fluorene NA pg/mL 218 274 217 344 143 271 507 2140 96.3% 37 pg/mL
9-FLUO Fluorene Creatinine ng/g creatinine 218 299 246 363 156 266 478 1,890 96.3% 37 pg/mL

Chemical Group: Pyrethroid Pesticides

  • Measured in: Urine

Weighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
3-Phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) Cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, fenpropathrin, permethrin, and/or tralomethrin NA µg/L 218 0.660 0.480 0.908 0.305 0.783 1.47 5.39 90.9% 0.0500 µg/L
3-Phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) Cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, fenpropathrin, permethrin, and/or tralomethrin Creatinine µg/g creatinine 218 0.722 0.558 0.934 0.386 0.747 1.27 6.41 90.9% 0.0500 µg/L
4-Fluoro-3-phenoxybenzoic acid (4F-3-PBA) Cyfluthrin NA µg/L 218 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.224 19.7% 0.0500 µg/L
4-Fluoro-3-phenoxybenzoic acid (4F-3-PBA) Cyfluthrin Creatinine µg/g creatinine 218 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.230 19.7% 0.0500 µg/L
Trans-DCCA Cyfluthrin, cypermethrin, permethrin Creatinine µg/g creatinine 218 0.505 0.383 0.666 0.221 0.488 1.15 6.30 92.6% 0.0500 µg/L

Chemical Group: Organochlorine Pesticides

  • Measured in: Serum

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
beta-Hexachlorocyclohexane (beta-HCH) b-HCH Lipids ng/g lipid 48 5.7 3.8 8.5 <LOD 5.9 10 29 69% 0.010 ng/mL
DDE (para,para) DDT (para,para) and/or DDE (para,para) Lipids ng/g lipid 48 190 160 230 120 180 290 420 100% 0.027 ng/mL
DDT (ortho,para) DDT (ortho,para) Lipids ng/g lipid 48 3.7 3.0 4.6 <LOD 5.3 7.1 8.2 69% 0.012 ng/mL
DDT (para,para) DDT (para,para) Lipids ng/g lipid 48 4.3 3.5 5.2 3.3 4.1 6.3 9.0 88% 0.010 ng/mL
Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) HCB Lipids ng/g lipid 48 7.7 7.2 8.1 6.8 7.8 8.5 10 100% 0.010 ng/mL
Oxychlordane Chlordane Lipids ng/g lipid 48 4.6 4.1 5.2 3.9 5.0 5.8 7.1 98% 0.010 ng/mL
trans-Nonachlor Chlordane Lipids ng/g lipid 48 8.8 7.7 10 6.7 8.8 11 15 100% 0.011 ng/mL

Chemical Group: Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs)

  • Measured in: Serum

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
BDE 047 BDE 47 Lipids ng/g lipid 48 43 33 56 23 35 68 110 98% 0.074 ng/mL
BDE 099 BDE 99 Lipids ng/g lipid 48 11 8.5 14 6.5 10.1 12.7 25 100% 0.018 ng/mL
BDE 100 BDE 100 Lipids ng/g lipid 48 12 10 15 8.0 10 15 22 100% 0.015 ng/mL
BDE 153 BDE 153 Lipids ng/g lipid 48 10 7.6 14 5.0 8.9 16 46 96% 0.015 ng/mL
BDE 154 BDE 154 Lipids ng/g lipid 48 * * * <LOD <LOD 3.6 5.7 48% 0.015 ng/mL

Chemical Group: Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)

  • Measured in: Serum

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
PCB 028 PCB 28 Lipids ng/g lipid 48 4.1 3.6 4.7 <LOD 3.6 4.3 6.8 100% 0.010 ng/mL
PCB 066 PCB 66 Lipids ng/g lipid 48 2.2 1.9 2.4 1.7 2.3 2.9 3.4 85% 0.010 ng/mL
PCB 074 PCB 74 Lipids ng/g lipid 48 3.0 2.7 3.3 2.4 3.2 3.8 4.2 98% 0.010 ng/mL
PCB 099 PCB 99 Lipids ng/g lipid 48 2.7 2.5 3.1 2.2 3.0 3.5 4.3 90% 0.010 ng/mL
PCB 101 PCB 101 Lipids ng/g lipid 48 1.7 1.5 1.9 <LOD 1.8 2.3 2.9 65% 0.010 ng/mL
PCB 105 PCB 105 Lipids ng/g lipid 48 1.9 1.7 2.1 <LOD 2.0 2.5 2.7 73% 0.010 ng/mL
PCB 118 PCB 118 Lipids ng/g lipid 48 4.0 3.7 4.5 3.2 4.0 5.4 6.7 100% 0.010 ng/mL
PCB 138 PCB 138 Lipids ng/g lipid 48 6.8 5.9 7.9 4.8 6.4 9.4 14 100% 0.010 ng/mL
PCB 153 PCB 153 Lipids ng/g lipid 48 11 8.9 13 6.5 9.7 17 28 100% 0.010 ng/mL
PCB 156 PCB 156 Lipids ng/g lipid 48 2.6 2.3 2.9 1.9 2.5 3.4 4.1 94% 0.010 ng/mL
PCB 167 PCB 167 Lipids ng/g lipid 48 * * * <LOD 1.6 2.1 2.3 60% 0.010 ng/mL
PCB 170 PCB 170 Lipids ng/g lipid 48 4.6 4.0 5.3 3.2 4.4 6.6 9.9 100% 0.010 ng/mL
PCB 180 PCB 180 Lipids ng/g lipid 48 10 8.4 12 6.1 9.3 15 25 100% 0.010 ng/mL
PCB 183 PCB 183 Lipids ng/g lipid 48 2.2 2.0 2.5 1.6 2.4 2.8 3.3 81% 0.011 ng/mL
PCB 187 PCB 187 Lipids ng/g lipid 48 3.5 3.1 4.1 2.5 3.4 4.6 7.2 100% 0.010 ng/mL
PCB 194 PCB 194 Lipids ng/g lipid 48 3.1 2.8 3.5 2.3 3.2 4.2 5.4 100% 0.010 ng/mL
PCB 203 PCB 203 Lipids ng/g lipid 48 3.0 2.7 3.3 2.2 3.1 4.0 5.3 100% 0.010 ng/mL

Project: California Regional Exposure Study, Los Angeles County (CARE-LA)

CARE LA Study logo, showing California in blue with Los Angeles County in orange

Chemical Group: Metals

  • Measured in: Blood

Weighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Cadmium Cadmium NA µg/L 425 0.258 0.232 0.286 0.173 0.248 0.357 0.785 99.6% 0.0750 µg/L
Lead Lead NA µg/dL 425 0.768 0.683 0.862 0.480 0.730 1.26 2.32 100% 0.0250 µg/dL
Manganese Manganese NA µg/L 425 10.6 10.1 11.2 8.38 10.4 12.6 20.3 100% 0.750 µg/L
Mercury Mercury NA µg/L 425 0.975 0.794 1.20 0.387 1.04 2.56 6.02 92.9% 0.125 µg/L

Chemical Group: Metals

  • Measured in: Urine

Weighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Antimony Antimony NA µg/L 428 * * * < LOD < LOD 0.0316 0.101 26.2% 0.0300 µg/L
Antimony Antimony Creatinine µg/g creatinine 426 * * * < LOD < LOD 0.0676 0.180 26.6% 0.0300 µg/L
Arsenic Arsenic NA µg/L 428 8.06 6.69 9.71 3.63 7.91 16.7 67.2 100% 0.100 µg/L
Arsenic Arsenic Creatinine µg/g creatinine 426 10.6 9.06 12.3 5.16 9.14 18.8 59.7 100% 0.100 µg/L
Cadmium Cadmium NA µg/L 428 0.153 0.130 0.182 0.0707 0.169 0.342 0.743 100% 0.0100 µg/L
Cadmium Cadmium Creatinine µg/g creatinine 426 0.199 0.175 0.227 0.115 0.187 0.338 0.691 100% 0.0100 µg/L
Cobalt Cobalt NA µg/L 428 0.217 0.184 0.256 0.119 0.210 0.398 1.37 100% 0.0100 µg/L
Cobalt Cobalt Creatinine µg/g creatinine 426 0.284 0.251 0.321 0.154 0.262 0.528 1.18 100% 0.0100 µg/L
Manganese Manganese NA µg/L 428 * * * < LOD < LOD < LOD 0.174 15.2% 0.100 µg/L
Manganese Manganese Creatinine µg/g creatinine 426 * * * < LOD < LOD < LOD 0.611 15.4% 0.100 µg/L
Mercury Mercury NA µg/L 428 0.202 0.159 0.256 0.0814 0.232 0.519 2.63 97.1% 0.0100 µg/L
Mercury Mercury Creatinine µg/g creatinine 426 0.262 0.218 0.314 0.143 0.277 0.516 1.73 97.3% 0.0100 µg/L
Molybdenum Molybdenum NA µg/L 428 36.0 30.5 42.5 20.0 39.6 79.2 160 100% 0.300 µg/L
Molybdenum Molybdenum Creatinine µg/g creatinine 426 47.1 41.7 53.2 28.5 44.9 79.7 194 100% 0.300 µg/L
Thallium Thallium NA µg/L 428 0.154 0.134 0.178 0.0850 0.169 0.305 0.527 99.8% 0.0100 µg/L
Thallium Thallium Creatinine µg/g creatinine 426 0.200 0.183 0.218 0.132 0.197 0.284 0.491 100% 0.0100 µg/L
Uranium Uranium NA µg/L 428 * * * < LOD < LOD 0.0193 0.116 48.6% 0.0100 µg/L
Uranium Uranium Creatinine µg/g creatinine 426 * * * < LOD < LOD 0.0313 0.116 49.3% 0.0100 µg/L

Chemical Group: Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs)

  • Measured in: Serum

Weighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Et-PFOSA-AcOH Et-PFOSA-AcOH NA ng/mL 425 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.0147 0.0554 35.7% 0.0115 ng/mL
Me-PFOSA-AcOH Me-PFOSA-AcOH NA ng/mL 425 0.0678 0.0589 0.0780 0.0396 0.0558 0.0953 0.340 100% 0.0114 ng/mL
PFBS PFBS NA ng/mL 425 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.0357 5.5% 0.0303 ng/mL
PFDA PFDA NA ng/mL 425 * * * <LOD 0.0795 0.164 0.321 62.3% 0.0560 ng/mL
PFDoA PFDoA NA ng/mL 425 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.3% 0.110 ng/mL
PFHpA PFHpA NA ng/mL 425 * * * <LOD 0.0280 0.0447 0.0981 52.0% 0.0256 ng/mL
PFHxS PFHxS NA ng/mL 425 0.689 0.585 0.813 0.418 0.787 1.23 2.39 98.5% 0.0177 ng/mL
PFNA PFNA NA ng/mL 425 0.298 0.263 0.339 0.195 0.320 0.471 1.16 96.9% 0.0424 ng/mL
PFOA PFOA NA ng/mL 425 1.04 0.920 1.17 0.732 1.17 1.52 3.06 99.8% 0.0606 ng/mL
PFOS PFOS NA ng/mL 425 2.20 1.87 2.60 1.41 2.38 3.91 8.78 98.0% 0.0615 ng/mL
PFOSA PFOSA NA ng/mL 425 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.0152 0.0611 26.7% 0.0144 ng/mL
PFUnDA PFUnDA NA ng/mL 425 0.0721 0.0619 0.0840 0.0336 0.0735 0.136 0.350 77.6% 0.0285 ng/mL

Chemical Group: Environmental Phenols

  • Measured in: Urine
  • Study Group Subset: Women

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
Benzophenone-3 Benzophenone-3 NA µg/L 60 31.6 18.4 54.2 7.52 22.3 152 513 95.0% 1.00
BPA Bisphenol A NA µg/L 60 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.756 1.96 46.7% 0.100
BPF Bisphenol F NA µg/L 60 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.862 23.3% 0.200
BPS Bisphenol S NA µg/L 60 0.382 0.269 0.544 0.106 0.342 1.33 2.42 76.7% 0.100
Butyl paraben Butyl paraben NA µg/L 60 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.885 16.7% 0.100
Ethyl paraben Ethyl paraben NA µg/L 60 * * * <LOD <LOD 3.51 71.4 35.0% 0.500
Methyl paraben Methyl paraben NA µg/L 60 15.7 9.39 26.2 4.23 12.7 60.1 291 95.0% 0.500
Propyl paraben Propyl paraben NA µg/L 60 2.10 1.11 3.97 <LOD 2.57 9.28 81.3 66.7% 0.200
Triclocarban Triclocarban NA µg/L 60 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.211 16.7% 0.100
Triclosan Triclosan NA µg/L 60 1.67 0.887 3.15 0.237 0.908 8.27 103 81.7% 0.200

Chemical Group: Diesel Exhaust

  • Measured in: Urine
  • Study Group Subset: Adults

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
6-OHNP 1-Nitropyrene Specific-gravity pg/L^ 109 110 89 130 60 120 200 660 90.8% 9.4 pg/L
8-OHNP 1-Nitropyrene Specific-gravity pg/L^ 149 88 76 100 51 91 160 400 87.2% 11.4 pg/L

Project: California Regional Exposure Study, Region 2 (CARE-2)

Logo for the CARE-2 study showing a blue map of California with the eastern part of California in orange

Chemical Group: Metals

  • Measured in: Blood

Weighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Cadmium Cadmium NA µg/L 359 0.275 0.246 0.307 0.161 0.266 0.478 0.793 99.1% 0.0750 µg/L
Lead Lead NA µg/dL 359 0.661 0.591 0.739 0.417 0.712 1.08 1.80 100% 0.0250 µg/dL
Manganese Manganese NA µg/L 359 10.1 9.71 10.6 8.03 9.96 12.3 15.9 100% 0.250 µg/L
Mercury Mercury NA µg/L 359 0.719 0.581 0.889 0.279 0.778 1.51 6.12 94.8% 0.0750 µg/L

Chemical Group: Metals

  • Measured in: Urine

Weighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Antimony Antimony NA µg/L 357 * * * < LOD < LOD < LOD 0.343 19.2% 0.0500 µg/L
Antimony Antimony Creatinine µg/g creatinine 357 * * * < LOD < LOD < LOD 0.309 19.2% 0.0500 µg/L
Arsenic Arsenic NA µg/L 357 6.40 5.16 7.96 2.69 6.27 11.5 42.1 100% 0.100 µg/L
Arsenic Arsenic Creatinine µg/g creatinine 357 8.40 7.10 9.94 4.02 6.86 14.2 50.4 100% 0.100 µg/L
Cadmium Cadmium NA µg/L 357 0.172 0.145 0.205 0.0786 0.186 0.363 0.901 95.1% 0.0300 µg/L
Cadmium Cadmium Creatinine µg/g creatinine 357 0.226 0.195 0.262 0.112 0.227 0.394 1.05 95.1% 0.0300 µg/L
Cobalt Cobalt NA µg/L 357 0.182 0.154 0.215 0.0927 0.200 0.360 1.05 92.9% 0.0300 µg/L
Cobalt Cobalt Creatinine µg/g creatinine 357 0.238 0.209 0.272 0.125 0.200 0.390 1.11 92.9% 0.0300 µg/L
Manganese Manganese NA µg/L 357 * * * < LOD < LOD < LOD 0.212 15.4% 0.100 µg/L
Manganese Manganese Creatinine µg/g creatinine 357 * * * < LOD < LOD < LOD 0.555 15.4% 0.100 µg/L
Mercury Mercury NA µg/L 357 0.165 0.138 0.197 0.0706 0.168 0.362 0.922 91.6% 0.0300 µg/L
Mercury Mercury Creatinine µg/g creatinine 357 0.216 0.184 0.254 0.104 0.213 0.402 1.34 91.6% 0.0300 µg/L
Molybdenum Molybdenum NA µg/L 357 33.5 28.2 39.8 18.6 35.6 64.7 168 100% 0.300 µg/L
Molybdenum Molybdenum Creatinine µg/g creatinine 357 43.9 38.8 49.7 29.3 42.9 62.9 161 100% 0.300 µg/L
Thallium Thallium NA µg/L 357 0.148 0.130 0.169 0.0884 0.158 0.257 0.472 >99.9% 0.0100 µg/L
Thallium Thallium Creatinine µg/g creatinine 357 0.194 0.177 0.214 0.129 0.182 0.278 0.525 >99.9% 0.0100 µg/L
Uranium Uranium NA µg/L 357 * * * < LOD < LOD 0.0216 0.0805 49.6% 0.0100 µg/L
Uranium Uranium Creatinine µg/g creatinine 357 * * * < LOD < LOD 0.0316 0.112 49.6% 0.0100 µg/L

Chemical Group: Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs)

  • Measured in: Serum

Weighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Et-PFOSA-AcOH Et-PFOSA-AcOH NA ng/mL 358 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.0312 16.4% 0.0115 ng/mL
Me-PFOSA-AcOH Me-PFOSA-AcOH NA ng/mL 358 0.0344 0.0298 0.0397 0.0178 0.0355 0.0580 0.204 81.2% 0.0114 ng/mL
PFBS PFBS NA ng/mL 357 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.0379 9.8% 0.0303 ng/mL
PFDA PFDA NA ng/mL 358 * * * <LOD 0.0768 0.144 0.252 63.3% 0.0560 ng/mL
PFDoA PFDoA NA ng/mL 358 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.01% 0.110 ng/mL
PFHpA PFHpA NA ng/mL 358 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.0536 0.101 43.6% 0.0256 ng/mL
PFHxS PFHxS NA ng/mL 358 0.798 0.669 0.953 0.465 0.837 1.72 3.20 99.8% 0.0177 ng/mL
PFNA PFNA NA ng/mL 358 0.211 0.181 0.246 0.132 0.256 0.374 0.775 89.5% 0.0424 ng/mL
PFOA PFOA NA ng/mL 358 0.987 0.866 1.12 0.668 1.13 1.77 2.53 98.8% 0.0606 ng/mL
PFOS PFOS NA ng/mL 357 2.41 2.05 2.82 1.48 2.88 4.89 7.14 98.5% 0.0615 ng/mL
PFOSA PFOSA NA ng/mL 358 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.0329 14.9% 0.0144 ng/mL
PFUnDA PFUnDA NA ng/mL 358 * * * <LOD 0.0416 0.0929 0.258 61.3% 0.0285 ng/mL

Chemical Group: Diesel Exhaust

  • Measured in: Urine
  • Study Group Subset: Adults

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
6-OHNP 1-Nitropyrene Specific-gravity pg/L^ 142 150 120 180 83 150 300 960 88.7% 13 pg/L
8-OHNP 1-Nitropyrene Specific-gravity pg/L^ 155 89 76 100 49 78 160 410 76.1% 22 pg/L

Chemical Group: Environmental Phenols

  • Measured in: Urine
  • Study Group Subset: Adults

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Benzophenone-3 Benzophenone-3 NA µg/L 151 18.5 13.7 25.1 5.59 18.0 50.0 493 96.0% 1.00
BPA Bisphenol A NA µg/L 151 0.503 0.419 0.603 <LOD 0.466 1.12 3.19 69.5% 0.200
BPS Bisphenol S NA µg/L 151 * * * <LOD 0.233 0.593 2.25 64.9% 0.100
Ethyl paraben Ethyl paraben NA µg/L 151 * * * <LOD <LOD 2.02 69.7 35.8% 0.500
Methyl paraben Methyl paraben NA µg/L 151 15.3 10.9 21.5 3.11 12.6 79.4 535 94.0% 0.500
Propyl paraben Propyl paraben NA µg/L 151 * * * <LOD 1.54 14.8 223 60.3% 0.200
Triclocarban Triclocarban NA µg/L 151 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.307 11.3% 0.100
Triclosan Triclosan NA µg/L 151 * * * <LOD <LOD 3.02 389 45.0% 1.00

Project: California Regional Exposure Study, Region 3 (CARE-3)

Logo for the CARE-3 study showing a blue map of California with Orange and San Diego counties in orange

Chemical Group: Environmental Phenols

  • Measured in: Urine
  • Study Group Subset: Adults

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
Benzophenone-3 Benzophenone-3 NA µg/L 90 14.4 9.16 22.6 3.70 13.1 47.4 190 90.0% 0.500 µg/L
BPA Bisphenol A NA µg/L 90 0.287 0.233 0.352 0.124 0.281 0.598 0.895 82.2% 0.100 µg/L
BPF Bisphenol F NA µg/L 90 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.573 2.03 41.1% 0.200 µg/L
BPS Bisphenol S NA µg/L 90 * * * <LOD 0.288 0.875 2.85 64.4% 0.100 µg/L
Butyl paraben Butyl paraben NA µg/L 90 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.114 11.1% 0.100 µg/L
Ethyl paraben Ethyl paraben NA µg/L 90 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.212 8.92 25.6% 0.200 µg/L
Methyl paraben Methyl paraben NA µg/L 90 8.33 5.15 13.5 1.01 9.57 57.1 152 80.0% 0.500 µg/L
Propyl paraben Propyl paraben NA µg/L 90 * * * <LOD <LOD 13.5 42.5 50.0% 0.200 µg/L
Triclocarban Triclocarban NA µg/L 90 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 5.6% 0.100 µg/L
Triclosan Triclosan NA µg/L 90 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.82 18.9% 1.00 µg/L

Chemical Group: Metals

  • Measured in: Blood
  • Study Group Subset: Adults

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
Cadmium Cadmium NA µg/L 88 0.279 0.235 0.332 0.156 0.289 0.48 0.629 95.5% 0.0750 µg/L
Lead Lead NA µg/dL 88 0.690 0.606 0.785 0.474 0.706 0.900 1.42 100% 0.0250 µg/dL
Manganese Manganese NA µg/L 88 9.13 8.46 9.87 7.12 9.54 11.9 14.1 100% 0.250 µg/L
Mercury Mercury NA µg/L 88 1.03 0.809 1.30 0.500 1.16 2.34 4.04 98.7% 0.0750 µg/L

Chemical Group: Metals

  • Measured in: Urine
  • Study Group Subset: Adults

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
Antimony Antimony NA µg/L 90 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.0558 20.0% 0.0300 µg/L
Arsenic Arsenic NA µg/L 90 6.13 4.57 8.21 2.46 4.44 18.5 40.0 100% 0.100 µg/L
Cadmium Cadmium Creatinine µg/g creatinine 90 0.240 0.201 0.287 0.123 0.231 0.403 0.714 91.1% 0.0300 µg/L
Cobalt Cobalt NA µg/L 90 0.171 0.133 0.220 0.0715 0.182 0.319 0.846 92.2% 0.0300 µg/L
Manganese Manganese NA µg/L 90 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.132 18.9% 0.100 µg/L
Mercury Mercury NA µg/L 90 0.156 0.121 0.201 0.0667 0.156 0.369 0.643 88.9% 0.0300 µg/L
Molybdenum Molybdenum NA µg/L 90 24.5 19.8 30.3 12.1 26.2 58.1 85.2 100% 0.300 µg/L
Thallium Thallium NA µg/L 90 0.108 0.0909 0.129 0.0607 0.119 0.208 0.273 98.9% 0.0100 µg/L
Uranium Uranium NA µg/L 90 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.0164 0.0326 40.0% 0.0100 µg/L

Chemical Group: Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs)

  • Measured in: Serum
  • Study Group Subset: Adults

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
Et-PFOSA-AcOH Et-PFOSA-AcOH NA ng/mL 89 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.0250 16.9% 0.0115 ng/mL
Me-PFOSA-AcOH Me-PFOSA-AcOH NA ng/mL 88 0.0363 0.0266 0.0494 <LOD 0.0332 0.082 0.238 65.9% 0.0114 ng/mL
PFBS PFBS NA ng/mL 79 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.5% 0.0303 ng/mL
PFDA PFDA NA ng/mL 89 0.0942 0.0802 0.111 <LOD 0.0926 0.174 0.234 67.4% 0.0560 ng/mL
PFDoA PFDoA NA ng/mL 80 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 5.0% 0.110 ng/mL
PFHpA PFHpA NA ng/mL 82 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.0377 0.0690 39.0% 0.0256 ng/mL
PFHxS PFHxS NA ng/mL 89 0.670 0.517 0.868 0.393 0.796 1.33 2.69 97.8% 0.0177 ng/mL
PFNA PFNA NA ng/mL 89 0.295 0.245 0.356 0.216 0.335 0.524 0.762 92.1% 0.0424 ng/mL
PFOA PFOA NA ng/mL 89 0.901 0.733 1.11 0.702 1.03 1.48 2.21 95.5% 0.0606 ng/mL
PFOS PFOS NA ng/mL 89 1.75 1.34 2.28 1.01 2.30 3.92 5.22 95.5% 0.0615 ng/mL
PFOSA PFOSA NA ng/mL 89 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.0328 20.2% 0.0144 ng/mL
PFUnDA PFUnDA NA ng/mL 89 0.0804 0.066 0.098 0.0372 0.0839 0.161 0.286 80.9% 0.0285 ng/mL

Project: California Teachers Study (CTS)

Chemical Group: Organochlorine Pesticides

  • Measured in: Serum

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
beta-Hexachlorocyclohexane (beta-HCH) b-HCH Lipids ng/g lipid 793 5.21 4.88 5.57 2.79 5.24 9.66 25.3 84.5% 0.015 ng/mL
DDE (para,para) DDT (para,para) and/or DDE (para,para) Lipids ng/g lipid 793 301 283 320 159 298 540 1360 100% 0.015 ng/mL
DDT (ortho,para) DDT (ortho,para) Lipids ng/g lipid 793 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.3% 0.031 ng/mL
DDT (para,para) DDT (para,para) Lipids ng/g lipid 793 1.94 1.87 2.02 <LOD 1.84 2.58 5.47 67.7% 0.015 ng/mL
Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) HCB Lipids ng/g lipid 793 12 11.7 12.2 9.75 11.9 14.3 20.8 100% 0.015 ng/mL
Oxychlordane Oxychlordane Lipids ng/g lipid 793 8.34 7.95 8.75 5.52 8.63 13 23.6 98.1% 0.015 ng/mL
trans-Nonachlor t-Nonachlor Lipids ng/g lipid 793 15.3 14.6 16 10.1 14.8 23.4 49.4 99.9% 0.015 ng/mL

Chemical Group: Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs)

  • Measured in: Serum

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Et-PFOSA-AcOH EtPFOSAAcOH NA ng/mL 1759 0.031 0.029 0.032 0.015 0.03 0.06 0.2 84.5% 0.011
Me-PFOSA-AcOH MePFOSAAcOH NA ng/mL 1759 0.2 0.19 0.21 0.1 0.2 0.41 1.3 98.4% 0.013
PFBS PFBS NA ng/mL 614 *,# * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.067 18.4% 0.022
PFDA PFDA NA ng/mL 1759 0.22 0.21 0.23 0.15 0.23 0.35 0.67 94.7% 0.032
PFDoA PFDoA NA ng/mL 1737 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.093 10.8% 0.036
PFHpA PFHpA NA ng/mL 1759 0.054 0.052 0.057 <LOD 0.054 0.11 0.28 74% 0.015
PFHxS PFHxS NA ng/mL 1759 1.62 1.56 1.68 1.04 1.58 2.50 6.24 99.9% 0.012
PFNA PFNA NA ng/mL 1719 0.92 0.89 0.95 0.67 0.95 1.3 2.3 99.7% 0.014
PFOA PFOA NA ng/mL 1759 2.46 2.39 2.53 1.69 2.5 3.63 6.22 99.9% 0.029
PFOS PFOS NA ng/mL 1759 6.8 6.56 7.04 4.57 7.14 10.9 19.5 99.8% 0.083
PFOSA PFOSA NA ng/mL 1597 0.036 0.034 0.039 <LOD 0.036 0.075 0.25 74.1% 0.01
PFUnDA PFUnDA NA ng/mL 1759 0.13 0.12 0.13 0.081 0.14 0.23 0.42 96.8% 0.01

Chemical Group: Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs)

  • Measured in: Serum

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
BDE 017 BDE 17 Lipids ng/g lipid 1980 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.2% 0.006 ng/mL
BDE 028 BDE 28 Lipids ng/g lipid 1980 * * * <LOD <LOD 1.96 4.73 42.9% 0.008 ng/mL
BDE 047 BDE 47 Lipids ng/g lipid 1980 14.1 13.6 14.7 7.22 13.1 25.3 73.5 86.4% 0.024 ng/mL
BDE 066 BDE 66 Lipids ng/g lipid 1980 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.05% 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 085 BDE 85 Lipids ng/g lipid 1980 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.87 7.8% 0.002 ng/mL
BDE 099 BDE 99 Lipids ng/g lipid 1980 * * * <LOD <LOD 5 16 44.3% 0.018 ng/mL
BDE 100 BDE 100 Lipids ng/g lipid 1980 2.62 2.5 2.73 1.19 2.31 4.71 15.7 75.9% 0.004 ng/mL
BDE 153 BDE 153 Lipids ng/g lipid 1980 5.6 5.34 5.85 2.66 4.75 9.48 43.1 77% 0.009 ng/mL
BDE 154 BDE 154 Lipids ng/g lipid 1980 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 3.9% 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 183 BDE 183 Lipids ng/g lipid 1980 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.7% 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 196 BDE 196 Lipids ng/g lipid 1980 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2% 0.003 ng/mL
BDE 197 BDE 197 Lipids ng/g lipid 1980 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 3.58 8.4% 0.005 ng/mL
BDE 201 BDE 201 Lipids ng/g lipid 1980 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.5% 0.005 ng/mL
BDE 202 BDE 202 Lipids ng/g lipid 1980 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.9% 0.005 ng/mL
BDE 203 BDE 203 Lipids ng/g lipid 1980 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.1% 0.005 ng/mL
BDE 206 BDE 206 Lipids ng/g lipid 1862 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 3.3% 0.004 ng/mL
BDE 207 BDE 207 Lipids ng/g lipid 1857 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 4.56 9.3% 0.006 ng/mL
BDE 208 BDE 208 Lipids ng/g lipid 1814 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 3.7% 0.003 ng/mL
BDE 209 BDE 209 Lipids ng/g lipid 1797 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 33.3 8.7% 0.053 ng/mL

Chemical Group: Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)

  • Measured in: Serum

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
PCB 066 PCB 66 Lipids ng/g lipid 793 * * * <LOD <LOD 1.68 3.07 39.8% 0.015 ng/mL
PCB 074 PCB 74 Lipids ng/g lipid 793 5.96 5.67 6.26 3.84 6.43 9.53 17.7 96.5% 0.015 ng/mL
PCB 099 PCB 99 Lipids ng/g lipid 793 3.11 2.97 3.27 2.01 3.07 4.82 9.73 90.4% 0.015 ng/mL
PCB 101 PCB 101 Lipids ng/g lipid 793 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 3.3% 0.015 ng/mL
PCB 105 PCB 105 Lipids ng/g lipid 793 * * * <LOD 1.46 2.02 4.39 53% 0.015 ng/mL
PCB 118 PCB 118 Lipids ng/g lipid 793 6.5 6.18 6.83 4.09 6.41 10.4 22 99% 0.015 ng/mL
PCB 138 PCB 138 Lipids ng/g lipid 793 12.9 12.3 13.5 8.39 13.5 20.5 37.1 99.5% 0.015 ng/mL
PCB 153 PCB 153 Lipids ng/g lipid 793 28.7 27.5 30 19.5 30.1 43.6 72.9 100% 0.015 ng/mL
PCB 156 PCB 156 Lipids ng/g lipid 793 4.92 4.72 5.12 3.55 5.22 7.23 11.8 96.7% 0.015 ng/mL
PCB 170 PCB 170 Lipids ng/g lipid 793 9.18 8.82 9.55 6.68 9.68 13.5 20.7 99.4% 0.015 ng/mL
PCB 180 PCB 180 Lipids ng/g lipid 793 31.5 30.3 32.9 22.4 33.3 48.4 76.8 100% 0.015 ng/mL
PCB 183 PCB 183 Lipids ng/g lipid 793 2.37 2.27 2.47 1.65 2.4 3.5 5.98 82% 0.015 ng/mL
PCB 187 PCB 187 Lipids ng/g lipid 793 7.25 6.92 7.59 4.83 7.65 11.04 20.2 98.4% 0.015 ng/mL
PCB 194 PCB 194 Lipids ng/g lipid 793 7.52 7.23 7.83 5.37 7.83 11.09 17.88 99.6% 0.015 ng/mL
PCB 203 PCB 203 Lipids ng/g lipid 793 6.47 6.17 6.78 4.36 6.75 10.14 16.71 97.2% 0.015 ng/mL

Chemical Group: Phthalates

  • Measured in: Urine
  • Study Group Subset: Children

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
MEP Diethyl phthalate (DEP) NA μg/L 49 85 63.1 115 41.3 70.0 211 403 100% 8.0
MnBP Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), Benzylbutyl phthalate (BzBP) NA μg/L 49 46.9 37.0 59.4 26.8 49.0 75.2 115 100% 2.0

Project: East Bay Diesel Exposure Project (EBDEP)

Chemical Group: Diesel Exhaust

  • Measured in: Urine
  • Study Group Subset: Children

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
6-OHNP 1-Nitropyrene Specific-gravity pg/L^ 40 150 110 200 63 170 330 1100 94.2% 15.5 pg/L §
8-OHNP 1-Nitropyrene Specific-gravity pg/L^ 40 130 100 170 61 130 260 740 95.2% 21.2 pg/L

Chemical Group: Diesel Exhaust

  • Measured in: Urine
  • Study Group Subset: Adults

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight Notes
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
6-OHNP 1-Nitropyrene Specific-gravity pg/L^ 38 240 180 310 130 240 540 1500 97.8% 15.5 pg/L † Δ
8-OHNP 1-Nitropyrene Specific-gravity pg/L^ 40 150 120 190 82 160 290 730 94.7% 21.2 pg/L

Chemical Group: Environmental Phenols

  • Measured in: Urine
  • Study Group Subset: Firefighters

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Benzophenone-3 Benzophenone-3 NA µg/L 101 78.5 58.3 106 27.0 79.3 186 867 100% 1.00
BPA Bisphenol A NA µg/L 101 1.58 1.25 1.99 0.718 1.53 3.16 11.9 94.1% 0.20
Butyl paraben Butyl paraben NA µg/L 101 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.68 5.9 44.6% 0.50
Ethyl paraben Ethyl paraben NA µg/L 101 * * * <LOD <LOD 2.52 56.5 35.6% 1.0
Methyl paraben Methyl paraben NA μg/L 101 46.9 34.2 64.3 19.6 48.0 108 687 98.0% 1.0
Propyl paraben Propyl paraben NA μg/L 101 * * * <LOD 2.96 19.0 135 61.4% 1.0
Triclosan Triclosan NA μg/L 101 20.2 13.5 30.2 3.00 19.6 103 563 99.0% 0.50

Chemical Group: Herbicides

  • Measured in: Urine
  • Study Group Subset: Firefighters

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
2,4-D 2,4-D NA μg/L 101 0.27 0.21 0.34 0.13 0.28 0.51 1.46 90.1% 0.050
2,4,5-T 2,4,5-T NA μg/L 101 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.050

Chemical Group: Metals

  • Measured in: Blood
  • Study Group Subset: Firefighters

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of detection (LOD)
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Cadmium Cadmium NA μg/L 101 0.19 0.18 0.21 0.15 0.20 0.24 0.35 78.2% 0.15
Lead Lead NA μg/dL 101 0.957 0.872 1.05 0.690 0.950 1.22 2.01 100% 0.02
Manganese Manganese NA μg/L 101 7.61 7.26 7.98 6.50 7.70 8.79 11.4 100% 0.54
Mercury Mercury NA μg/L 101 2.79 2.36 3.30 1.82 2.90 5.48 9.79 100% 0.06

Chemical Group: Metals

  • Measured in: Urine
  • Study Group Subset: Firefighters

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
Arsenic Arsenic NA μg/L 101 10.8 9.03 12.9 6.05 10.4 21.0 34.9 100% 0.158
Cadmium Cadmium Creatinine μg/g creatinine 101 0.145 0.132 0.160 <LOD 0.138 0.190 0.277 69.7% 0.105 μg/L
Manganese Manganese NA μg/L 99 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 9.1% 0.184
Mercury Mercury NA μg/L 101 0.455 0.382 0.542 0.221 0.447 0.914 1.28 100% 0.0522

Chemical Group: Organochlorine Pesticides

  • Measured in: Serum
  • Study Group Subset: Firefighters

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
beta-Hexachlorocyclohexane (beta-HCH) beta-HCH Lipids ng/g lipid 101 2.19 2.00 2.41 1.68 2.23 2.83 4.64 97.0% 0.005 ng/mL
DDE (para,para) para,para-DDT and/or para,para-DDE Lipids ng/g lipid 101 177 161 196 125 182 245 394 100% 0.009 ng/mL
DDT (ortho,para) ortho,para-DDT Lipids ng/g lipid 101 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 4.0% 0.005 ng/mL
DDT (para,para) para,para-DDT Lipids ng/g lipid 101 1.34 1.20 1.50 <LOD 1.43 2.07 3.08 74.3% 0.005 ng/mL
Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) HCB Lipids ng/g lipid 101 11.8 11.3 12.4 10.3 11.7 13.2 17.6 100% 0.007 ng/mL
Oxychlordane Chlordane Lipids ng/g lipid 101 4.08 3.64 4.56 2.73 4.31 5.80 9.63 99.0% 0.005 ng/mL
trans-Nonachlor Chlordane Lipids ng/g lipid 101 7.32 6.57 8.15 5.07 7.32 10.2 16.6 100% 0.005 ng/mL

Chemical Group: Organophosphate Pesticides

  • Measured in: Urine
  • Study Group Subset: Firefighters

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
IMPY Diazinon NA μg/L 101 0.16 0.12 0.20 <LOD 0.18 0.42 1.2 66.3% 0.050
TCPy Chlorpyrifos NA μg/L 101 1.78 1.47 2.15 0.823 1.96 3.32 10.4 89.1% 0.50

Chemical Group: Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs)

  • Measured in: Serum
  • Study Group Subset: Firefighters

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of detection (LOD)
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Et-PFOSA-AcOH EtPFOSAAcOH NA ng/mL 101 0.016 0.014 0.018 <LOD 0.016 0.023 0.060 65.3% 0.011
Me-PFOSA-AcOH MePFOSAAcOH NA ng/mL 101 0.16 0.13 0.18 0.086 0.14 0.24 0.61 100% 0.013
PFBS PFBS NA ng/mL 101 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.020 6.9% 0.02
PFDA PFDA NA ng/mL 101 0.899 0.783 1.03 0.512 0.721 1.72 2.63 100% 0.032
PFDoA PFDoA NA ng/mL 101 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.040
PFHpA PFHpA NA ng/mL 101 0.13 0.11 0.15 0.06 0.12 0.22 0.63 75.2% 0.059
PFHxS PFHxS NA ng/mL 101 2.26 2 2.54 1.61 2.27 3.13 4.64 100% 0.012
PFNA PFNA NA ng/mL 101 1.15 1.06 1.25 0.888 1.13 1.49 2.21 100% 0.075
PFOA PFOA NA ng/mL 101 3.75 3.37 4.17 2.96 3.86 4.89 9.54 100% 0.301
PFOS PFOS NA ng/mL 101 12.5 11.3 13.8 10.1 12.7 16.8 24.7 100% 0.083
PFOSA PFOSA NA ng/mL 101 0.032 0.027 0.037 0.019 0.029 0.050 0.151 95.0% 0.009
PFUnDA PFUnDA NA ng/mL 101 0.24 0.21 0.27 0.17 0.26 0.37 0.53 100% 0.010

Chemical Group: Phthalates

  • Measured in: Urine
  • Study Group Subset: Firefighters

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
MBzP Benzylbutyl phthalate (BzBP) NA μg/L 101 8.18 6.56 10.2 3.93 7.76 14.9 41.3 100% 0.25
MCHP Dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP) NA μg/L 101 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 4.0% 0.50
MCPP Di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP) NA μg/L 101 1.88 1.46 2.42 0.819 1.69 4.07 21.1 98.0% 0.125
MECPP Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) NA μg/L 101 12.3 10.1 14.9 5.89 12.4 23.2 58.3 100% 0.50
MEP Diethyl phthalate (DEP) NA μg/L 101 52.9 38.1 73.4 20.6 46.6 168 740 79.2% 8.0
MnBP Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), Benzylbutyl phthalate (BzBP) NA μg/L 101 10.6 8.83 12.8 5.69 10.6 20.2 40.6 97.0% 2.0

Chemical Group: Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs)

  • Measured in: Serum
  • Study Group Subset: Firefighters

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
BDE 017 BDE 17 Lipids ng/g lipid 101 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.0% 0.003 ng/mL
BDE 028 BDE 28 Lipids ng/g lipid 101 1.70 1.50 1.93 1.17 1.63 2.38 5.09 97.0% 0.003 ng/mL
BDE 047 BDE 47 Lipids ng/g lipid 101 32.2 27.8 37.5 19.3 29.9 47.9 150 99.0% 0.038 ng/mL
BDE 066 BDE 66 Lipids ng/g lipid 101 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.635 5.9% 0.003 ng/mL
BDE 085 BDE 85 Lipids ng/g lipid 101 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.655 1.82 34.7% 0.003 ng/mL
BDE 099 BDE 99 Lipids ng/g lipid 101 6.19 5.35 7.17 3.54 5.79 9.12 22.6 90.1% 0.017 ng/mL
BDE 100 BDE 100 Lipids ng/g lipid 101 5.68 4.77 6.75 3.31 5.14 8.14 32.7 98.0% 0.005 ng/mL
BDE 153 BDE 153 Lipids ng/g lipid 101 15.4 12.9 18.2 9.01 12.9 21.1 63.1 100% 0.005 ng/mL
BDE 154 BDE 154 Lipids ng/g lipid 101 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.71 19.8% 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 183 BDE 183 Lipids ng/g lipid 101 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 5.0% 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 196 BDE 196 Lipids ng/g lipid 101 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.0% 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 197 BDE 197 Lipids ng/g lipid 101 * * * <LOD 1.25 1.93 3.84 62.4% 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 201 BDE 201 Lipids ng/g lipid 101 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 5.0% 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 202 BDE 202 Lipids ng/g lipid 101 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.0% 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 203 BDE 203 Lipids ng/g lipid 101 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.0% 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 206 BDE 206 Lipids ng/g lipid 101 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.99 11.9% 0.009 ng/mL
BDE 207 BDE 207 Lipids ng/g lipid 101 * * * <LOD 1.31 1.72 4.53 50.5% 0.009 ng/mL
BDE 208 BDE 208 Lipids ng/g lipid 101 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.59 7.9% 0.009 ng/mL
BDE 209 BDE 209 Lipids ng/g lipid 101 * * * <LOD <LOD 28.3 93.7 28.7% 0.150 ng/mL

Chemical Group: Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)

  • Measured in: Serum
  • Study Group Subset: Firefighters

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
PCB 066 PCB 66 Lipids ng/g lipid 101 1.17 1.09 1.25 <LOD 1.19 1.41 1.88 74.3% 0.007 ng/mL
PCB 074 PCB 74 Lipids ng/g lipid 101 1.77 1.61 1.95 1.33 1.73 2.33 4.02 96.0% 0.005 ng/mL
PCB 099 PCB 99 Lipids ng/g lipid 101 1.76 1.61 1.93 1.34 1.74 2.32 3.65 98.0% 0.005 ng/mL
PCB 101 PCB 101 Lipids ng/g lipid 101 * * * <LOD 1.09 1.43 1.89 50.5% 0.008 ng/mL
PCB 105 PCB 105 Lipids ng/g lipid 101 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.848 1.25 45.5% 0.005 ng/mL
PCB 118 PCB 118 Lipids ng/g lipid 101 2.66 2.46 2.87 2.15 2.75 3.25 5.11 99.0% 0.006 ng/mL
PCB 138 PCB 138 Lipids ng/g lipid 101 5.53 4.98 6.15 3.55 5.54 8.04 11.9 100% 0.005 ng/mL
PCB 153 PCB 153 Lipids ng/g lipid 101 12.2 10.8 13.7 8.18 12.9 18.9 29.8 100% 0.005 ng/mL
PCB 156 PCB 156 Lipids ng/g lipid 101 1.84 1.61 2.09 1.21 1.88 3.09 5.23 88.1% 0.005 ng/mL
PCB 170 PCB 170 Lipids ng/g lipid 101 3.64 3.16 4.19 2.21 3.85 5.95 10.3 97.0% 0.005 ng/mL
PCB 180 PCB 180 Lipids ng/g lipid 101 13.4 11.7 15.4 8.44 14.7 22.4 37.7 100% 0.006 ng/mL
PCB 183 PCB 183 Lipids ng/g lipid 101 1.03 0.930 1.15 <LOD 1.04 1.51 2.33 67.3% 0.005 ng/mL
PCB 187 PCB 187 Lipids ng/g lipid 101 2.99 2.61 3.42 1.87 2.94 5.32 7.84 97.0% 0.005 ng/mL
PCB 194 PCB 194 Lipids ng/g lipid 101 3.37 2.89 3.93 1.91 3.38 6.04 11.4 98.0% 0.005 ng/mL
PCB 203 PCB 203 Lipids ng/g lipid 101 3.37 2.92 3.89 1.91 3.83 6.30 9.37 98.0% 0.005 ng/mL

Chemical Group: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)

  • Measured in: Urine
  • Study Group Subset: Firefighters

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
1-NAP Naphthalene NA ng/L 101 1290 1030 1610 613 1300 2210 8270 100% 25.0
1-PHEN Phenanthrene NA ng/L 101 120 103 138 75.0 119 196 455 100% 10.0
1-PYR Pyrene NA ng/L 101 87.2 72.8 105 50.2 84.2 141 457 95.1% 20.0
2-FLUO Fluorene NA ng/L 101 172 149 198 98.4 185 297 510 100% 20.0
2-NAP Naphthalene NA ng/L 101 3190 2690 3770 2000 3060 4830 11300 100% 20.0
2-PHEN Phenanthrene NA ng/L 101 67.1 59.5 75.7 41.1 64.8 97.9 204 100% 10.0
3-FLUO Fluorene NA ng/L 101 83.5 70.5 98.9 44.8 85.8 148 365 96.0% 20.0
3-PHEN Phenanthrene NA ng/L 101 88.4 75.7 103 51.2 94.1 140 367 100% 10.0
9-FLUO Fluorene NA ng/L 101 278 236 327 162 279 453 1110 100% 37.0

Chemical Group: Pyrethroid Pesticides

  • Measured in: Urine
  • Study Group Subset: Firefighters

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
3-Phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) Cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, fenpropathrin, permethrin, and/or tralomethrin NA μg/L 101 0.54 0.43 0.67 0.28 0.51 0.99 3.7 98.0% 0.050
4-Fluoro-3-phenoxybenzoic acid (4F-3-PBA) Cyfluthrin NA ng/mL 101 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.063 10.9% 0.050

Project: Markers of Autism Risk in Babies–Learning Early Signs (MARBLES)

Study logo shows a circular image of two parents with an infant cradled between them

Chemical Group: Phthalates

  • Measured in: Urine
  • Study Group Subset: Pregnant women_measurement 1

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
MEP Diethyl phthalate (DEP) NA μg/L 15 62.4 32.2 121 -- 52.6 -- -- 100% 8.0
MnBP Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), Benzylbutyl phthalate (BzBP) NA μg/L 15 21.9 14.4 33.5 -- 21.3 -- -- 100% 2.0

Chemical Group: Phthalates

  • Measured in: Urine
  • Study Group Subset: Pregnant women_measurement 2

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
MEP Diethyl phthalate (DEP) NA μg/L 13 65.1 26.0 163 -- 31.5 -- -- 100% 8.0
MnBP Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), Benzylbutyl phthalate (BzBP) NA μg/L 13 21.1 10.8 41.2 -- 23.2 -- -- 100% 2.0

Project: Maternal and Infant Environmental Exposure Project (MIEEP)

Chemical Group: Environmental Phenols

  • Measured in: Urine
  • Study Group Subset: Pregnant women

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
Benzophenone-3 Benzophenone-3 NA μg/L 89 33.0 20.5 53.2 8.41 26.6 124 1320 0.50
BPA Bisphenol A NA μg/L 89 1.25 0.984 1.58 0.490 1.27 3.13 4.85 0.20
Triclosan Triclosan NA μg/L 89 17.2 10.5 28.2 2.44 11.1 139 445 1.0

Chemical Group: Metals

  • Measured in: Blood
  • Study Group Subset: Pregnant women

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
Cadmium Cadmium NA μg/L 77 0.22 0.19 0.24 0.16 0.22 0.31 0.38 0.14 and 0.15**
Lead Lead NA μg/dL 77 0.65 0.57 0.75 0.45 0.60 0.84 1.6 0.027
Mercury Mercury NA μg/L 77 0.45 0.37 0.54 0.26 0.46 0.76 1.1 0.064

Chemical Group: Metals

  • Measured in: Urine
  • Study Group Subset: Pregnant women

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
Arsenic Arsenic NA µg/L 89 7.71 6.39 9.32 4.34 8.15 11.2 34.9 0.158
Cadmium Cadmium Creatinine μg/g creatinine 89 0.185 0.160 0.213 <LOD 0.178 0.257 0.364 0.105 μg/L
Mercury Mercury NA μg/L 89 0.212 0.164 0.274 0.0897 0.176 0.429 0.997 0.0522

Chemical Group: Organochlorine Pesticides

  • Measured in: Serum
  • Study Group Subset: Pregnant women

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
beta-Hexachlorocyclohexane (beta-HCH) beta-HCH Lipids ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD 1.59 6.00 13.2 0.005 ng/mL
DDE (para,para) para,para-DDT and/or para,para-DDE Lipids ng/g lipid 77 112 85.1 149 53.0 94.0 161 516 0.005 ng/mL
DDT (ortho,para) ortho,para-DDT Lipids ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.005 ng/mL
DDT (para,para) para,para-DDT Lipids ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 18.2 0.005 ng/mL
Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) HCB Lipids ng/g lipid 77 8.26 7.58 8.99 6.50 8.43 10.1 12.5 0.034 ng/mL
Oxychlordane Chlordane Lipids ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD 0.93 1.6 3.2 0.005 ng/mL
trans-Nonachlor Chlordane Lipids ng/g lipid 77 1.69 1.41 2.02 1.09 1.80 2.87 4.88 0.006 ng/mL

Chemical Group: Organophosphate Pesticides

  • Measured in: Urine
  • Study Group Subset: Pregnant women

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
DEDTP Phorate and others NA μg/L 89 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.10
DEP Chlorpyrifos, diazinon, and others NA μg/L 89 1.41 1.10 1.80 <LOD 1.76 3.51 6.79 0.50
DMDTP Dimethoate, malathion, methidathion, phosmet, and others NA μg/L 89 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.0
DMTP Dimethoate, malathion, methidathion, phosmet, and others NA μg/L 89 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.50
TCPy Chlorpyrifos NA μg/L 89 0.52 0.41 0.65 <LOD 0.53 1.2 2.2 0.20

Chemical Group: Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs)

  • Measured in: Serum
  • Study Group Subset: Pregnant women

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
Et-PFOSA-AcOH Et-PFOSA-AcOH NA ng/mL 77 * * * <LOD 0.012 0.021 0.026 0.011
Me-PFOSA-AcOH Me-PFOSA-AcOH NA ng/mL 77 0.067 0.055 0.082 0.037 0.064 0.10 0.20 0.013
PFBS PFBS NA ng/mL 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.022
PFDA PFDA NA ng/mL 77 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.035 0.64 0.032
PFDoA PFDoA NA ng/mL 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.036
PFHpA PFHpA NA ng/mL 77 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.071 0.14 0.059
PFNA PFNA NA ng/mL 77 0.733 0.621 0.865 0.504 0.791 1.11 1.74 0.075
PFOA PFOA NA ng/mL 77 * * * <LOD 0.474 0.811 1.25 0.30
PFOS PFOS NA ng/mL 77 2.55 2.20 2.95 1.78 2.43 4.11 4.90 0.083
PFOSA PFOSA NA ng/mL 77 0.019 0.016 0.022 0.012 0.017 0.026 0.049 0.01
PFUnDA PFUnDA NA ng/mL 77 0.131 0.101 0.170 0.0730 0.165 0.261 0.474 0.01

Chemical Group: Phthalates

  • Measured in: Urine
  • Study Group Subset: Pregnant women

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
MBzP Benzylbutyl phthalate (BzBP) NA μg/L 89 7.73 5.84 10.2 2.72 6.54 18.4 53.4 0.25
MCHP Dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP) NA μg/L 89 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.50
MCPP Di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP) NA μg/L 89 0.87 0.72 1.05 0.48 0.75 1.2 2.8 0.125
MECPP Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) NA μg/L 89 17.1 13.5 21.7 8.09 14.6 29.4 68.8 0.50
MEP Diethyl phthalate (DEP) NA μg/L 89 95.5 69.3 132 34.7 103 254 679 8.0
MnBP Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), Benzylbutyl phthalate (BzBP) NA μg/L 89 16.3 13.0 20.5 6.59 16.2 34.2 60.8 2.0

Chemical Group: Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs)

  • Measured in: Serum
  • Study Group Subset: Pregnant women

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
BDE 017 BDE 17 Lipids ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.005 ng/mL
BDE 028 BDE 28 Lipids ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.75 1.6 0.005 ng/mL
BDE 047 BDE 47 Lipids ng/g lipid 77 9.56 7.54 12.1 4.67 8.34 16.0 33.0 0.023 ng/mL
BDE 066 BDE 66 Lipids ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.005 ng/mL
BDE 085 BDE 85 Lipids ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.005 ng/mL
BDE 099 BDE 99 Lipids ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD 2.74 5.02 9.92 0.019 ng/mL
BDE 100 BDE 100 Lipids ng/g lipid 77 2.17 1.70 2.77 0.960 1.96 3.95 8.11 0.005 ng/mL
BDE 153 BDE 153 Lipids ng/g lipid 77 2.64 2.01 3.47 0.980 1.94 7.66 14.9 0.005 ng/mL
BDE 154 BDE 154 Lipids ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 183 BDE 183 Lipids ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 196 BDE 196 Lipids ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 197 BDE 197 Lipids ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.93 1.5 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 201 BDE 201 Lipids ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 202 BDE 202 Lipids ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 203 BDE 203 Lipids ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.007 ng/mL
BDE 206 BDE 206 Lipids ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.009 ng/mL
BDE 207 BDE 207 Lipids ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.07 0.009 ng/mL
BDE 208 BDE 208 Lipids ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.009 ng/mL
BDE 209 BDE 209 Lipids ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD 5.41 9.31 13.5 0.045 ng/mL

Chemical Group: Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)

  • Measured in: Serum
  • Study Group Subset: Pregnant women

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
PCB 066 PCB 66 Lipids ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.009 ng/mL
PCB 074 PCB 74 Lipids ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.1 0.008 ng/mL
PCB 099 PCB 99 Lipids ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.23 0.014 ng/mL
PCB 101 PCB 101 Lipids ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.63 0.016 ng/mL
PCB 105 PCB 105 Lipids ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.010 ng/mL
PCB 118 PCB 118 Lipids ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD 2.02 2.97 0.014 ng/mL
PCB 138 PCB 138 Lipids ng/g lipid 77 1.94 1.69 2.22 1.29 1.90 2.63 4.15 0.006 ng/mL
PCB 153 PCB 153 Lipids ng/g lipid 77 2.98 2.57 3.46 1.95 3.02 4.29 6.59 0.011 ng/mL
PCB 156 PCB 156 Lipids ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.89 0.005 ng/mL
PCB 170 PCB 170 Lipids ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD 0.65 0.92 1.7 0.005 ng/mL
PCB 180 PCB 180 Lipids ng/g lipid 77 1.97 1.67 2.31 1.27 1.79 2.90 4.91 0.007 ng/mL
PCB 183 PCB 183 Lipids ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.012 ng/mL
PCB 187 PCB 187 Lipids ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD 1.2 1.7 0.009 ng/mL
PCB 194 PCB 194 Lipids ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.0 0.007 ng/mL
PCB 203 PCB 203 Lipids ng/g lipid 77 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.88 1.4 0.007 ng/mL

Chemical Group: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)

  • Measured in: Urine
  • Study Group Subset: Pregnant women

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
1-NAP Naphthalene NA ng/L 88 1020 800 1300 465 858 1940 4060 25.0
1-PHEN Phenanthrene NA ng/L 88 193 161 232 107 198 323 588 10.0
1-PYR Pyrene NA ng/L 88 186 153 227 88.2 211 334 598 20.0
2-FLUO Fluorene NA ng/L 88 192 157 235 96.0 188 311 529 20.0
2-NAP Naphthalene NA ng/L 88 6490 5140 8190 2780 6780 14000 23700 20.0
2-PHEN Phenanthrene NA ng/L 88 99.4 85.9 115 60.6 94.4 159 235 10.0
3-FLUO Fluorene NA ng/L 88 54.8 43.7 68.8 23.5 45.8 106 212 20.0
3-PHEN Phenanthrene NA ng/L 88 69.4 57.3 84.0 34.1 70.2 109 190 10.0
9-FLUO Fluorene NA ng/L 88 535 440 651 272 536 814 1370 37.0

Chemical Group: Pyrethroid Pesticides

  • Measured in: Urine
  • Study Group Subset: Pregnant women

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
3-Phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) Cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, fenpropathrin, permethrin, and/or tralomethrin NA μg/L 89 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.46 2.6 0.40

Chemical Group: Organochlorine Pesticides

  • Measured in: Serum
  • Study Group Subset: Subsample 1

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
beta-Hexachlorocyclohexane (beta-HCH) b-HCH Lipids ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.7% 0.0107 ng/mL
DDE (para,para) para,para-DDT and/or para,para-DDE Lipids ng/g lipid 58 82.6 61.7 110 38.8 72.5 155 433 100% 0.00837 ng/mL
DDT (ortho,para) ortho,para-DDT Lipids ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 5.2% 0.0100 ng/mL
DDT (para,para) para,para-DDT Lipids ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD 1.85 5.59 25.9% 0.0107 ng/mL
Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) HCB Lipids ng/g lipid 58 6.41 5.85 7.03 5.24 6.14 7.43 8.93 100% 0.0116 ng/mL
Oxychlordane Chlordane Lipids ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.69 20.7% 0.00618 ng/mL
trans-Nonachlor Chlordane Lipids ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.7% 0.0107 ng/mL

Chemical Group: Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs)

  • Measured in: Serum
  • Study Group Subset: Subsample 1

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
BDE 017 BDE 17 Lipids ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0107 ng/mL
BDE 028 BDE 28 Lipids ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 3.4% 0.0107 ng/mL
BDE 047 BDE 47 Lipids ng/g lipid 58 13.7 11.1 16.8 6.57 13.9 22.8 38.7 75.9% 0.0427 ng/mL
BDE 066 BDE 66 Lipids ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0107 ng/mL
BDE 085 BDE 85 Lipids ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0107 ng/mL
BDE 099 BDE 99 Lipids ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD 6.86 17.7 43.1% 0.0233 ng/mL
BDE 100 BDE 100 Lipids ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD 2.57 5.04 12.4 62.1% 0.0107 ng/mL
BDE 153 BDE 153 Lipids ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD 6.05 10.9 22.2 63.8% 0.0233 ng/mL
BDE 154 BDE 154 Lipids ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0233 ng/mL

Chemical Group: Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)

  • Measured in: Serum
  • Study Group Subset: Subsample 1

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
PCB 066 PCB 66 Lipids ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.00850 ng/mL
PCB 074 PCB 74 Lipids ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.992 15.5% 0.00417 ng/mL
PCB 099 PCB 99 Lipids ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD 1.14 1.69 27.6% 0.00733 ng/mL
PCB 101 PCB 101 Lipids ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0106 ng/mL
PCB 105 PCB 105 Lipids ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0107 ng/mL
PCB 118 PCB 118 Lipids ng/g lipid 58 1.42 1.25 1.62 <LOD 1.54 2.08 2.59 69.0% 0.00705 ng/mL
PCB 138 PCB 138 Lipids ng/g lipid 58 2.34 1.99 2.74 <LOD 2.37 3.43 5.47 67.2% 0.0107 ng/mL
PCB 153 PCB 153 Lipids ng/g lipid 58 3.16 2.59 3.85 2.05 3.01 5.20 8.05 91.4% 0.00679 ng/mL
PCB 156 PCB 156 Lipids ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 3.4% 0.0107 ng/mL
PCB 170 PCB 170 Lipids ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD 1.64 2.50 2.96 63.8% 0.00696 ng/mL
PCB 180 PCB 180 Lipids ng/g lipid 58 2.94 2.44 3.54 2.00 2.98 4.93 7.09 82.8% 0.00878 ng/mL
PCB 183 PCB 183 Lipids ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 6.9% 0.0107 ng/mL
PCB 187 PCB 187 Lipids ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.27 13.8% 0.0107 ng/mL
PCB 194 PCB 194 Lipids ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 8.6% 0.0107 ng/mL
PCB 203 PCB 203 Lipids ng/g lipid 58 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.55 10.3% 0.0100 ng/mL

Chemical Group: Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs)

  • Measured in: Serum
  • Study Group Subset: Subsample 2

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Adjusted for Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
Et-PFOSA-AcOH Et-PFOSA-AcOH NA ng/mL 200 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.0185 0.0288 29.0% 0.0164 ng/mL
Me-PFOSA-AcOH Me-PFOSA-AcOH NA ng/mL 200 0.0446 0.0379 0.0526 0.0177 0.0373 0.091 0.361 79.5% 0.0147 ng/mL
PFDA PFDA NA ng/mL 200 0.198 0.174 0.226 0.0950 0.212 0.373 0.908 83.0% 0.0652 ng/mL
PFDoA PFDoA NA ng/mL 200 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.317 8.0% 0.174 ng/mL
PFHpA PFHpA NA ng/mL 200 0.0453 0.0397 0.0515 0.0220 0.0484 0.0954 0.198 83.5% 0.0149 ng/mL
PFHxS PFHxS NA ng/mL 200 0.904 0.818 0.998 0.558 0.861 1.43 2.83 100% 0.0250 ng/mL
PFNA PFNA NA ng/mL 200 0.647 0.596 0.703 0.442 0.644 0.952 1.74 100% 0.0302 ng/mL
PFOA PFOA NA ng/mL 200 1.243 1.154 1.339 0.898 1.29 1.77 2.81 100% 0.0391 ng/mL
PFOS PFOS NA ng/mL 200 4.20 3.82 4.62 2.62 4.47 6.75 12.3 100% 0.0565 ng/mL
PFOSA PFOSA NA ng/mL 200 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.00661 0.0266 33.5% 0.00460 ng/mL
PFUnDA PFUnDA NA ng/mL 200 0.124 0.107 0.144 0.0483 0.118 0.275 0.717 78.0% 0.0430 ng/mL

Chemical Group: Organochlorine Pesticides

  • Measured in: Serum
  • Study Group Subset: Subsample 1

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
beta-Hexachlorocyclohexane (beta-HCH) b-HCH ng/g lipid 242 * * * <LOD 3.05 4.39 7.84 64.5% 0.0160 and 0.0180 ng/mL**
DDE (para,para) para,para-DDT and/or para,para-DDE ng/g lipid 242 47.6 42.6 53.3 29.0 41.4 65.8 221 100% 0.0181 and 0.0359 ng/mL**
DDT (ortho,para) ortho,para-DDT ng/g lipid 242 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.2% 0.0160 and 0.0180 ng/mL**
DDT (para,para) para,para-DDT ng/g lipid 242 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.98 9.1% 0.0160 and 0.0180 ng/mL**
Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) HCB ng/g lipid 242 11.4 10.8 11.9 8.98 11.2 13.5 21.7 93.4% 0.0399 and 0.0875 ng/mL**
Oxychlordane Chlordane ng/g lipid 242 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 4.5% 0.0160 and 0.0180 ng/mL**
trans-Nonachlor Chlordane ng/g lipid 242 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.18 24.4% 0.0160 and 0.0180 ng/mL**

Chemical Group: Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs)

  • Measured in: Serum
  • Study Group Subset: Subsample 1

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
BDE 017 BDE 17 ng/g lipid 245 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.0% 0.0160 ng/mL
BDE 028 BDE 28 ng/g lipid 245 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.9% 0.0160 ng/mL
BDE 047 BDE 47 ng/g lipid 245 * * * <LOD <LOD 13.6 33.4 46.5% 0.0640 ng/mL
BDE 066 BDE 66 ng/g lipid 245 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.2% 0.0160 ng/mL
BDE 085 BDE 85 ng/g lipid 245 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.6% 0.0160 ng/mL
BDE 099 BDE 99 ng/g lipid 245 * * * <LOD <LOD 4.97 11.5 26.9% 0.0350 ng/mL
BDE 100 BDE 100 ng/g lipid 245 * * * <LOD <LOD 3.59 8.99 46.5% 0.0160 ng/mL
BDE 153 BDE 153 ng/g lipid 245 * * * <LOD 6.68 11.3 25.2 58.4% 0.0320 ng/mL
BDE 154 BDE 154 ng/g lipid 245 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.0% 0.0320 ng/mL
BDE 183 BDE 183 ng/g lipid 245 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.2% 0.0320 ng/mL
BDE 196 BDE 196 ng/g lipid 245 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.6% 0.0320 ng/mL
BDE 197 BDE 197 ng/g lipid 245 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 3.3% 0.0320 ng/mL
BDE 201 BDE 201 ng/g lipid 245 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.2% 0.0320 ng/mL
BDE 202 BDE 202 ng/g lipid 245 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.2% 0.0320 ng/mL
BDE 203 BDE 203 ng/g lipid 245 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.6% 0.0320 ng/mL
BDE 206 BDE 206 ng/g lipid 245 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.2% 0.0400 ng/mL
BDE 207 BDE 207 ng/g lipid 245 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.9% 0.0400 ng/mL
BDE 208 BDE 208 ng/g lipid 245 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.6% 0.0400 ng/mL
BDE 209 BDE 209 ng/g lipid 245 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.0% 0.300 ng/mL

Chemical Group: Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)

  • Measured in: Serum
  • Study Group Subset: Subsample 1

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
PCB 066 PCB 66 ng/g lipid 242 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.2% 0.0160 and 0.0180 ng/mL**
PCB 074 PCB 74 ng/g lipid 242 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.7% 0.0160 and 0.0180 ng/mL**
PCB 099 PCB 99 ng/g lipid 242 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 3.3% 0.0160 and 0.0180 ng/mL**
PCB 101 PCB 101 ng/g lipid 242 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.8% 0.0160 and 0.0180 ng/mL**
PCB 105 PCB 105 ng/g lipid 242 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.8% 0.0160 and 0.0180 ng/mL**
PCB 118 PCB 118 ng/g lipid 242 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 3.03 16.9% 0.0160 and 0.0180 ng/mL**
PCB 138 PCB 138 ng/g lipid 242 * * * <LOD 2.50 3.45 5.80 56.2% 0.0160 and 0.0180 ng/mL**
PCB 153 PCB 153 ng/g lipid 242 3.16 2.93 3.41 <LOD 2.89 4.41 8.25 65.3% 0.0160 and 0.0180 ng/mL**
PCB 156 PCB 156 ng/g lipid 242 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.1% 0.0160 and 0.0180 ng/mL**
PCB 170 PCB 170 ng/g lipid 242 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 3.64 18.2% 0.0160 and 0.0180 ng/mL**
PCB 180 PCB 180 ng/g lipid 242 * * * <LOD 2.66 4.04 8.43 59.9% 0.0160 and 0.0180 ng/mL**
PCB 183 PCB 183 ng/g lipid 242 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.1% 0.0160 and 0.0180 ng/mL**
PCB 187 PCB 187 ng/g lipid 242 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 3.29 11.6% 0.0160 and 0.0180 ng/mL**
PCB 194 PCB 194 ng/g lipid 242 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 5.0% 0.0160 and 0.0180 ng/mL**
PCB 203 PCB 203 ng/g lipid 242 * * * <LOD <LOD 2.69 4.35 26.9% 0.0173 and 0.0188 ng/mL**

Chemical Group: Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs)

  • Measured in: Serum
  • Study Group Subset: Subsample 2

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
4:2 FTS 4:2 FTS ng/mL 292 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.0463 6.2% 0.0372 ng/mL
5:3 FTCA 5:3 FTCA ng/mL 292 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.7% 0.0500 ng/mL
6:2 diPAP 6:2 diPAP ng/mL 277 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.5% 0.0645 ng/mL
6:2 FTCA 6:2 FTCA ng/mL 292 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.250 ng/mL
6:2 FTS 6:2 FTS ng/mL 240 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.781 20.8% 0.188 ng/mL
6:2 FTUCA 6:2 FTUCA ng/mL 292 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0243 ng/mL
6:6 PFPiA 6:6 PFPiA ng/mL 292 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0429 ng/mL
7:3 FTCA 7:3 FTCA ng/mL 291 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 4.8% 0.0622 ng/mL
8:2 diPAP 8:2 diPAP ng/mL 291 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.250 ng/ml
8:2 FTCA 8:2 FTCA ng/mL 292 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.250 ng/mL
8:2 FTS 8:2 FTS ng/mL 290 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.4% 0.0500 ng/mL
8:2 FTUCA 8:2 FTUCA ng/mL 292 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.3% 0.0280 ng/mL
Et-PFOSA-AcOH Et-PFOSA-AcOH ng/mL 292 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.0179 0.0398 35.6% 0.0131 ng/mL
Me-PFOSA-AcOH Me-PFOSA-AcOH ng/mL 292 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.107 0.287 45.5% 0.0638 ng/mL
PFBA PFBA ng/mL 292 0.0577 0.0550 0.0606 <LOD 0.0594 0.0770 0.121 65.8% 0.0500 ng/mL
PFBS PFBS ng/mL 292 * * * <LOD <LOD 0.0119 0.0283 25.0% 0.0140 ng/mL
PFDA PFDA ng/mL 292 0.213 0.196 0.231 0.135 0.189 0.320 0.752 99.0% 0.0542 ng/mL
PFDoA PFDoA ng/mL 292 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.0854 16.4% 0.0500 ng/mL
PFDS PFDS ng/mL 292 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.0308 5.8% 0.0274 ng/mL
PFHpA PFHpA ng/mL 292 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.103 24.0% 0.0500 ng/ml
PFHxA PFHxA ng/mL 292 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.0925 5.5% 0.0818 ng/mL
PFHxPA PFHxPA ng/mL 292 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0500 ng/mL
PFHxS PFHxS ng/mL 292 0.743 0.690 0.800 0.496 0.720 1.00 2.66 100% 0.0195 ng/ml
PFNA PFNA ng/mL 292 0.542 0.509 0.578 0.372 0.527 0.774 1.39 100% 0.0487 ng/mL
PFOA PFOA ng/mL 292 1.01 0.942 1.09 0.631 1.02 1.55 2.88 100% 0.0539 ng/mL
PFOS PFOS ng/mL 292 3.10 2.88 3.33 2.05 3.09 4.41 9.07 100% 0.316 ng/mL
PFOSA PFOSA ng/mL 292 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.4% 0.0173 ng/mL
PFPeA PFPeA ng/mL 292 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.0255 6.5% 0.0235 ng/mL
PFUnDA PFUnDA ng/mL 292 0.129 0.115 0.145 0.0646 0.118 0.275 0.726 81.2% 0.0481 ng/mL

Chemical Group: Organochlorine Pesticides

  • Measured in: Serum
  • Study Group Subset: Subsample 1

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
beta-Hexachlorocyclohexane (beta-HCH) b-HCH ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 4.12 17.6% 0.0160 ng/mL
DDE (para,para) para,para-DDT and/or para,para-DDE ng/g lipid 204 11.1 9.59 12.9 4.71 9.50 18.4 97.1 75.5% 0.0320 ng/mL
DDT (ortho,para) ortho,para-DDT ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0160 ng/mL
DDT (para,para) para,para-DDT ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 3.4% 0.0160 ng/mL
Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) HCB ng/g lipid 204 10.3 10.0 10.6 8.99 10.2 11.7 14.0 100% 0.0230 ng/mL
Oxychlordane Chlordane ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0160 ng/mL
trans-Nonachlor Chlordane ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.5% 0.0160 ng/mL

Chemical Group: Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs)

  • Measured in: Serum
  • Study Group Subset: Subsample 1

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
BDE 017 BDE 17 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0160 ng/mL
BDE 028 BDE 28 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0160 ng/mL
BDE 047 BDE 47 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD 4.05 8.30 34.8% 0.0240 ng/mL
BDE 066 BDE 66 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0160 ng/mL
BDE 085 BDE 85 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0160 ng/mL
BDE 099 BDE 99 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 4.80 11.7% 0.0220 ng/mL
BDE 100 BDE 100 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.66 5.4% 0.0160 ng/mL
BDE 153 BDE 153 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 13.8 24.5% 0.0320 ng/mL
BDE 154 BDE 154 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0320 ng/mL
BDE 183 BDE 183 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0320 ng/mL
BDE 196 BDE 196 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0320 ng/mL
BDE 197 BDE 197 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.5% 0.0320 ng/mL
BDE 201 BDE 201 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0320 ng/mL
BDE 202 BDE 202 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0320 ng/mL
BDE 203 BDE 203 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0320 ng/mL
BDE 206 BDE 206 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.5% 0.0400 ng/mL
BDE 207 BDE 207 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.0% 0.0400 ng/mL
BDE 208 BDE 208 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.5% 0.0400 ng/mL
BDE 209 BDE 209 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.5% 0.300 ng/mL

Chemical Group: Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)

  • Measured in: Serum
  • Study Group Subset: Subsample 1

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 95th
PCB 066 PCB 66 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0160 ng/mL
PCB 074 PCB 74 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.0% 0.0160 ng/mL
PCB 099 PCB 99 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.0% 0.0160 ng/mL
PCB 101 PCB 101 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0160 ng/mL
PCB 105 PCB 105 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0160 ng/mL
PCB 118 PCB 118 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.0% 0.0160 ng/mL
PCB 138 PCB 138 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.80 8.3% 0.0160 ng/mL
PCB 153 PCB 153 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD 2.44 4.40 27.0% 0.0160 ng/mL
PCB 156 PCB 156 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.0% 0.0160 ng/mL
PCB 170 PCB 170 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.66 5.4% 0.0160 ng/mL
PCB 180 PCB 180 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD 3.44 6.90 44.6% 0.0160 ng/mL
PCB 183 PCB 183 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0160 ng/mL
PCB 187 PCB 187 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 4.4% 0.0160 ng/mL
PCB 194 PCB 194 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 3.4% 0.0160 ng/mL
PCB 203 PCB 203 ng/g lipid 204 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 3.08 18.6% 0.0160 ng/mL

Chemical Group: Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs)

  • Measured in: Serum
  • Study Group Subset: Subsample 2

Unweighted Results

Chemical measured Indicates Exposure to Units Number of people tested Geometric mean 95% Confidence Interval Selected Percentiles Detection Frequency Limit of Detection (LOD), wet-weight
Lower Upper 25th 50th 75th 90th
4:2 FTS 4:2 FTS ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0372 ng/mL
5:3 FTCA 5:3 FTCA ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 7.3% 0.0500 ng/mL
6:2 diPAP 6:2 diPAP ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0645 ng/mL
6:2 FTCA 6:2 FTCA ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 4.2% 0.250 ng/mL
6:2 FTS 6:2 FTS ng/mL 87 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.188 ng/mL
6:2 FTUCA 6:2 FTUCA ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0243 ng/mL
6:6 PFPiA 6:6 PFPiA ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0429 ng/mL
6:8 PFPiA 6:8 PFPiA ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 1.0% 0.198 ng/mL
7:3 FTCA 7:3 FTCA ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0622 ng/mL
8:2 diPAP 8:2 diPAP ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.250 ng/mL
8:2 FTCA 8:2 FTCA ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.250 ng/mL
8:2 FTS 8:2 FTS ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.1% 0.0500 ng/mL
8:2 FTUCA 8:2 FTUCA ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0280 ng/mL
Et-PFOSA-AcOH Et-PFOSA-AcOH ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.0136 11.5% 0.0131 ng/mL
Me-PFOSA-AcOH Me-PFOSA-AcOH ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 22.9% 0.0638 ng/mL
PFBA PFBA ng/mL 96 0.0760 0.0697 0.0828 0.0645 0.0845 0.0990 0.117 82.3% 0.0500 ng/mL
PFBS PFBS ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 7.3% 0.0140 ng/mL
PFDA PFDA ng/mL 96 0.187 0.160 0.220 0.109 0.169 0.285 0.613 99.0% 0.0542 ng/mL
PFDoA PFDoA ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD 0.0741 17.7% 0.0500 ng/mL
PFDS PFDS ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 6.3% 0.0274 ng/mL
PFHpA PFHpA ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 2.1% 0.0107 ng/mL
PFHxA PFHxA ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.108 ng/mL
PFHxPA PFHxPA ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0500 ng/mL
PFHxS PFHxS ng/mL 96 0.416 0.366 0.473 0.272 0.386 0.606 0.951 100% 0.0472 ng/mL
PFNA PFNA ng/mL 96 0.406 0.360 0.457 0.263 0.426 0.564 0.830 100% 0.0767 ng/mL
PFOA PFOA ng/mL 96 0.892 0.783 1.02 0.604 0.895 1.29 2.00 100% 0.0539 ng/mL
PFOPA PFOPA ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0500 ng/mL
PFOS PFOS ng/mL 96 2.39 2.08 2.75 1.47 2.47 3.56 5.42 100% 0.316 ng/mL
PFOSA PFOSA ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 0% 0.0173 ng/mL
PFPeA PFPeA ng/mL 96 * * * <LOD <LOD <LOD <LOD 5.2% 0.0235 ng/mL
PFUnDA PFUnDA ng/mL 96 0.121 0.0990 0.147 0.0584 0.108 0.215 0.532 79.2% 0.0481 ng/mL