Sustancia química designada

• Tobacco and marijuana smoke, including from cigarettes, cigars, and pipes; and chewing tobacco.
• Exhaust from cars, trucks, and buses, as well as road dust.
• Wood smoke, such as from fireplaces, wood stoves, campfires, and wildfires.
• Exhaust from gas burners, unvented gas fireplaces, and kerosene heaters.
• Smoke from grilling or burning cooking oil or food.
• Food that has been grilled, barbecued, smoked, fried, or roasted, and some teas.
• Liquid smoke seasonings and flavorings.

• May contribute to asthma, bronchitis, and other respiratory problems.
• May affect the developing fetus, including effects on growth.
• May reduce fertility and interfere with the body’s natural hormones.
• Can increase cancer risk.

• Take steps to improve indoor air quality:
  • Do not smoke or allow others to smoke in your home or car, or around your child.
  • Always use an exhaust fan or open windows when cooking indoors, especially when cooking with oils heated at high temperatures, or whenever using a gas stove.
  • Do not use a gas oven or gas burners to heat your home.
  • If you cook with barbecues and grills, use them outdoors only.
  • Do not idle cars inside garages, especially garages attached to your home.
  • Avoid burning wood, especially for home heating.
• Limit how much you eat grilled, barbecued, smoked, fried, or roasted food. Try steaming, boiling, stewing, or poaching your food more often. Avoid burned food.
• Because PAHs can collect in dust:
  • Wash your and your child’s hands often, especially before preparing or eating food.
  • Clean your floors regularly, using a wet mop or HEPA vacuum if possible, and use a damp cloth to dust.

• Some high‐fat dairy products, such as butter and high‐fat cheeses like cream cheese and American cheese.
• Some high‐fat meats, such as some ground beef.
• Some fatty fish, such as salmon and canned sardines. Fish are still good for you to eat. Fatty fish are an excellent source of healthy fats (like “omega‐3” fatty acids) and protein.

• May affect the developing fetus, possibly leading to later changes in learning and behavior.
• May interfere with the body’s natural hormones.
• May have effects on reproduction, such as decreased fertility.
• May increase cancer risk.

Organochlorine pesticides have been decreasing in the environment and food because they are no longer used in the U.S. You might further reduce your exposure by:

• Including plenty of variety in your diet.
• Trimming off skin from fish and fat from meat and cooking on a rack to let fat drain off.
• Washing your hands often, especially before eating or preparing food, cleaning your floors regularly, and dusting with a damp cloth. This is because organochlorine pesticides may be in dust and soil from past use.

• Solid fuel for rockets and missiles.
• Road flares, fireworks, explosives, and matches.
• Some drinking water sources, near areas where perchlorate contamination has occurred.
• Some fruits and vegetables, such as lettuce, spinach, tomatoes, and cantaloupe.
• Some milk and some powdered infant formula.

Perchlorate can interfere with the thyroid gland’s ability to use iodide. This can decrease production of thyroid hormone, which:

• May affect brain development in the fetus and infant. • May affect a child’s ability to learn.
• May increase risk factors for heart disease.

• If you live in an area where perchlorate contamination is a concern and your water comes from a private well, consider having it tested for perchlorate. (If your water comes from a public water supplier, it is already tested regularly for perchlorate.)
• Include plenty of variety in your and your children’s diets.

Maintaining a healthy level of iodide in the body is important. A good way to get the right amount of iodide is through your diet, by eating foods like seafood, dairy products, and eggs.

• Drinking water sources in some places, such as parts of the Central Valley and some areas of Southern California.
• Some foods, such as root vegetables and leafy greens, grown in areas containing uranium in soil or water.
• Radiation-shielding equipment containing depleted uranium, used in medical and other applications.
• Specialized ammunition and other military equipment made with depleted uranium.

• Can cause kidney damage.
• Can increase cancer risk.

• If your water comes from a private well, have it tested for metals, including uranium. (If your water comes from a public water supplier, it is already tested regularly for uranium.)
• If you work with uranium, follow all occupational safety guidelines for your industry.

• Components used in electronics, such as semiconductors.
• Some drinking water sources, such as well water that has been affected by industrial or wastewater discharges. This could include discharges from some oil and gas operations.
• Air and dust near certain industrial facilities that can release thallium, such as cement plants and steel manufacturers.
• Cigarette and other tobacco smoke.

Thallium is highly toxic and can harm many important processes in the body. Thallium:

• Can harm the nervous system.
• Can damage vision.
• Can cause hair loss.

• If your water comes from a private well, have it tested for metals, including thallium.  (If your water comes from a public water supplier, it is already tested regularly for thallium.)
• If you work with materials that contain thallium or at facilities where thallium may be released into the air, follow all occupational safety guidelines for your industry. 

• Certain foods, including legumes (beans, lentils, and peanuts), nuts, rice, and liver.
• Some dietary supplements.
• Metal alloys used in a variety of applications, including:
  • Some artificial joints for the hip and knee.
  • Welding supplies and equipment.
• Flame retardants in some plastics, such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastic.

• A small amount of molybdenum is needed to support many important processes in the body, such as metabolism and protecting cells from damage.

• Too much molybdenum:
  • May cause gout-like symptoms, such as joint pain.
  • Might contribute to reproductive problems.
• Molybdenum trioxide may increase cancer risk.

• If you work with molybdenum or molybdenum trioxide, or do any welding or metalworking:
  • Be sure that your work area is well ventilated, and use proper protective equipment.
  • Follow other safe work practices, including washing hands frequently, keeping work dust out of your home, and washing work clothes separately.
  • Keep children away from welding fumes and other metal vapors and dusts.
• If you have a metal hip or knee replacement, follow your doctor’s advice for monitoring metals, including molybdenum, in your blood.

• Certain types of fish and seafood. This is the most common source of exposure to mercury.
• Some imported face creams used for skin lightening, anti-aging, or acne.
• Some herbal medicines and other traditional remedies, especially from China and India.
• Silver-colored dental fillings.
• Glass thermometers, older barometers, and blood pressure gauges.
• Fluorescent lights, including compact fluorescent light (CFL) bulbs.

• Can affect brain development and cause learning and behavior problems in infants and children who were exposed in the womb.
• Can harm the nervous system and kidneys.
• May affect the heart.
• May increase cancer risk.

• Choose fish that are lower in mercury, such as salmon, tilapia, trout, canned light tuna, sardines, anchovies, and oysters.
• Avoid fish that are high in mercury, such as shark, swordfish, orange roughy, bluefin and bigeye tuna, tilefish, king mackerel, and marlin.
• Do not use imported face creams for skin lightening, anti-aging, or acne unless you are certain that they do not contain mercury.
• Properly recycle CFL bulbs (see below).
• Properly clean up broken thermometers, CFL bulbs, and other items containing mercury (see below). Do not let children play with silver liquid from items like mercury thermometers.

• Cigarette and other tobacco smoke.
• Some cheap metal jewelry, including some charms.
• Rechargeable batteries labeled NiCd or NiCad.
• Metal plating and solder.
• Some red, yellow, and orange decorative paints, which may be used on glassware and pottery.

• May harm the developing infant and child.
• May harm the reproductive system in men.
• Can damage the lungs and kidneys.
• Can increase cancer risk.
• Can weaken bones.

• Do not smoke or allow others to smoke in your home or car, or around your child.
• Do not let children wear or play with cheap metal jewelry or charms.
• Do not let children handle rechargeable batteries labeled NiCd or NiCad.
• Properly recycle batteries (see below).
• If you do any welding or metalworking, or work with cadmium in other ways:
  • Be sure that your work area is well ventilated, and use proper protective equipment.
  • Follow other safe work practices, including washing hands frequently, keeping work dust out of your home, and washing work clothes separately.
  • Keep children away from welding fumes and other metal vapors and dusts.
• Because cadmium can collect in dust:
  • Wash your and your child’s hands often, especially before preparing or eating food.
  • Clean your floors regularly, using a wet mop or HEPA vacuum if possible, and use a damp cloth to dust.
• Include plenty of variety in your and your child’s diet. Eat a well-balanced diet with enough iron, which can help reduce the amount of cadmium that your body absorbs. 

• Some deodorant bar soap made prior to the FDA ban.
• Some personal care products, like cosmetics.
• Some clothing, such as pantyhose.
• One type of pet grooming spray used to reduce scratching and biting of irritated skin.

• May interfere with the body’s natural hormones.
• May make it harder for antibiotics to fight infections. This is because overuse of triclocarban and other antibacterials may cause changes in bacteria that make them harder to kill.

• Avoid consumer products and personal care products labeled “antibacterial” or “antimicrobial.”
• Check labels on personal care products and pet sprays, and avoid those that list triclocarban as an ingredient.
• If you can’t tell from the label whether a product contains triclocarban, contact the manufacturer.